Add map_async and flat_map_async Operators for Python Async Generators

[cwharris]

Description

Adds new operators map_async and flat_map_async that can handle Python Async Generators concurrently.

Closes #386

Checklist

• I am familiar with the Contributing Guidelines.
• New or existing tests cover these changes.
• The documentation is up to date with these changes.

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[cwharris]

/ok to test

[cwharris]

/ok to test

[cwharris]

/ok to test

[cwharris]

/ok to test

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 87.02703% with 24 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 73.78%. Comparing base (8b20469) to head (e072c63).
Report is 9 commits behind head on branch-23.11.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
python/mrc/_pymrc/src/operators.cpp	82.24%	19 Missing ⚠️
cpp/mrc/src/public/runnable/context.cpp	87.50%	2 Missing ⚠️
...pp/mrc/include/mrc/runnable/detail/type_traits.hpp	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
python/mrc/_pymrc/src/node.cpp	97.43%	1 Missing ⚠️
python/mrc/_pymrc/src/segment.cpp	50.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           branch-23.11     #392      +/-   ##
================================================
+ Coverage         73.59%   73.78%   +0.19%     
================================================
  Files               385      387       +2     
  Lines             13614    13780     +166     
  Branches           1028     1040      +12     
================================================
+ Hits              10019    10168     +149     
- Misses             3595     3612      +17     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cpp	68.86% <12.02%> (-0.81%)	⬇️
py	42.80% <87.22%> (+0.71%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
cpp/mrc/include/mrc/runnable/context.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
cpp/mrc/include/mrc/runnable/engine.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
cpp/mrc/include/mrc/runnable/launch_control.hpp	83.33% <100.00%> (+1.70%)	⬆️
cpp/mrc/include/mrc/runnable/runner.hpp	100.00% <ø> (ø)
cpp/mrc/include/mrc/segment/builder.hpp	80.00% <100.00%> (+0.37%)	⬆️
cpp/mrc/include/mrc/segment/context.hpp	85.71% <100.00%> (ø)
cpp/mrc/src/internal/runnable/engine.cpp	100.00% <ø> (+16.66%)	⬆️
cpp/mrc/src/public/runnable/runner.cpp	78.21% <100.00%> (ø)
python/mrc/_pymrc/include/pymrc/node.hpp	61.22% <ø> (ø)
python/mrc/_pymrc/include/pymrc/operators.hpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
... and 6 more

... and 5 files with indirect coverage changes

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