Full script refactor into a dedicated codebase

[gomills]

I propose this codebase as a refactor of this amazing repository. My aim was to convert a script-type software to a more defined and modern codebase by:

Modernizing to 2025's Python Standards
Modularizing
Documenting
Improving readability and clarity
Memory safety
Not so much focus (though big things happened): optimization

This resulted, or at least I hope, into an environment that invites developers and any user to contribute/modify the software for everyone's purpose and to maintain the repo by modernizing it to today's software standards. Right now it needs testing with hardware (I couldn't get my hands on it yet, missing a pocket spectroscope), but I did some tests mocking the camera with a simple spectroscope image and it worked. Of course, it needs live testing and finish the TODOs list but I think it's solid enough to be used right now.