Add CI/CD, linting infrastructure, and parser error recovery

[dev-dami]

Summary

• Add GitHub Actions CI/CD workflow for automated testing, linting, and builds
• Add golangci-lint configuration with sensible defaults for the codebase
• Add parser error recovery to report multiple syntax errors instead of stopping at the first one

Changes

CI/CD Pipeline (.github/workflows/ci.yml)

• Test job: Runs go test with race detection and coverage
• Lint job: Runs golangci-lint
• Build job: Builds the compiler and runs example files
• Release job: Builds cross-platform binaries (linux/darwin/windows) on main branch pushes

Linting Infrastructure

• Added .golangci.yml with errcheck, errorlint, gofmt, govet, staticcheck, etc.
• Updated Makefile with lint, lint-fix, and check targets

Code Fixes

• Fixed octal literals (0644 → 0o644) for modern Go style
• Fixed error handling: use errors.As instead of type assertions for wrapped errors
• Removed unused code (functions field in CGenerator, inferResultExprType function)
• Fixed variable shadowing (max → maxIdx, filepath → execPath)
• Properly handle errors from filepath.Abs and FindProjectRoot

Parser Error Recovery

• Added synchronize() function to skip to the next statement boundary on parse errors
• Allows the parser to continue and report multiple errors instead of stopping at the first one

Verification

• All tests pass: go test ./...
• Linter passes clean: golangci-lint run ./...

Summary by CodeRabbit

Release Notes

• New Features

  • Added built-in functions for environment variable access, file operations, command execution, and string/number parsing
  • Enabled passing program arguments to scripts
  • Enhanced string and character literals with escape sequence support
  • Added support for index-based assignment on arrays and maps

• Chores

  • Added automated testing, linting, and release workflows
  • Added comprehensive test suite for language components

_{✏️ Tip: You can customize this high-level summary in your review settings.}

[coderabbitai]

Caution

Review failed

The pull request is closed.

📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

This PR establishes comprehensive Carv language infrastructure: adds GitHub Actions CI/CD automation with testing, linting, and release pipelines; implements a bootstrap parser and lexer; extends the runtime with CLI argument passing, process execution, and filesystem utilities; improves parser robustness via error recovery; and adds extensive test coverage across AST, code generation, module system, and parser components.

Changes

Cohort / File(s)	Summary
CI/CD & Build Infrastructure .github/workflows/ci.yml, .golangci.yml, Makefile	Adds GitHub Actions workflow with test, lint, build, and conditional release jobs; configures golangci-lint with 11 linters; replaces staticcheck with golangci-lint; adds lint-fix and check targets.
CLI Argument Handling cmd/carv/main.go	Updates runFile to accept and forward program arguments via os.Args; improves path resolution with fallback behavior and warning logging; migrates file permissions to octal notation.
Bootstrap Language Implementation examples/bootstrap/lexer.carv, examples/bootstrap/parser.carv, examples/bootstrap/test_simple.carv	Implements complete Carv lexer (~500 LOC) with tokenization, keywords, escape sequences; full Pratt-style parser (~1350 LOC) with expression/statement parsing, type annotations, error recovery; sample test program.
AST & Code Generation Tests pkg/ast/ast_test.go, pkg/codegen/cgen_test.go	Adds unit tests for AST node types (primitives, expressions, control flow); verifies C code generation for language constructs (declarations, control flow, classes, type mappings).
Code Generation Refactoring pkg/codegen/cgen.go	Removes unused functions []string field and inferResultExprType() method from CGenerator.
Runtime & Evaluation Enhancements pkg/eval/builtins.go, pkg/eval/eval.go	Adds CLI args handling via SetArgs() and args() builtin; new parsing utilities (parse_int, parse_float); system interaction (exec, exec_output); filesystem utilities (mkdir, append_file, getenv, setenv). Updates evaluator with character infix operations and index-based assignment for arrays/maps.
Module System pkg/module/loader.go, pkg/module/module_test.go	Improves loader initialization with explicit filepath error handling; comprehensive test suite validating loader lifecycle, config management, project discovery, module loading, and export extraction.
Parser Improvements pkg/parser/parser.go, pkg/types/checker.go	Refactors parseStatement with error recovery via new synchronize() method; adds escape sequence support in strings/chars via unescapeString(); registers new builtin function signatures in type checker.

Estimated code review effort

🎯 4 (Complex) | ⏱️ ~50 minutes

Possibly related PRs

• feat: add module system and string interpolation (v0.2.0) #5: Implements overlapping module system, string-interpolation, and parser/evaluator features with modifications to the same core files (module loader, lexer, parser, eval, types).
• feat: add C code generator #3: Directly related through CGenerator modifications; this PR removes fields/methods while the prior PR added CGenerator functionality.
• feat: add recursive descent parser #1: Shares parser logic modifications; both PRs refactor parseStatement and expression parsing in pkg/parser/parser.go.

Poem

🐰 A lexer and parser now hop through the code,
Bootstrap paths light the Carv language road,
With CI workflows, builtins galore—
The rabbit's built stages to open new doors! 🚀

✨ Finishing touches

• 📝 Generate docstrings

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