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feat(pypi): Use target_compatible_with in package aliases#3586

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nahueespinosa wants to merge 2 commits intobazel-contrib:mainfrom
nahueespinosa:use-target-compatible-with
Draft

feat(pypi): Use target_compatible_with in package aliases#3586
nahueespinosa wants to merge 2 commits intobazel-contrib:mainfrom
nahueespinosa:use-target-compatible-with

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@nahueespinosa
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The aliases created by pypi use target_compatible_with where applicable. This prevents hard errors when multiple Python toolchains are defined and certain packages are not supported across all of them. Using @platforms//:incompatible Bazel can gracefully skip incompatible targets during a wildcard build (e.g., //...) rather than failing the entire invocation.

As a proof of concept I changed the constraint on the websockets package in the multi_python_versions example to exclude it from Python 3.10. Running bazel test //... now correctly skips the incompatible targets:

//tests:my_lib_3_10_test                                                SKIPPED
//tests:my_lib_default_test                                             SKIPPED

This is currently a proof of concept. I wanted to see if this align with the project's direction and whether you would consider supporting this use case.

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Summary of Changes

Hello @nahueespinosa, I'm Gemini Code Assist1! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request introduces a significant improvement to how Bazel handles Python package compatibility within multi-Python environments. By leveraging Bazel's target_compatible_with attribute for pypi aliases, the system can now intelligently identify and skip targets that are not compatible with specific Python toolchains, thereby enhancing build stability and flexibility without causing complete build failures.

Highlights

  • Enhanced Python Package Compatibility: Introduced the use of target_compatible_with in pypi package aliases. This mechanism allows Bazel to gracefully handle packages that are not compatible across all defined Python toolchains, preventing hard errors during wildcard builds.
  • Improved Multi-Python Environment Handling: When multiple Python toolchains are present, Bazel can now skip incompatible targets rather than failing the entire build invocation, leading to more robust and flexible multi-Python project setups.
  • Proof of Concept Implementation: Demonstrated the functionality by modifying the websockets package constraint in the multi_python_versions example, effectively excluding it from Python 3.10 and showing how bazel test //... correctly skips incompatible targets.

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Changelog
  • examples/multi_python_versions/requirements/requirements.in
    • Updated the websockets package constraint from python_full_version > "3.9.1" to python_full_version > "3.11".
  • examples/multi_python_versions/requirements/requirements_lock_3_10.txt
    • Removed the websockets package entry and its associated hashes, reflecting its incompatibility with Python 3.10 under the new constraint.
  • examples/multi_python_versions/requirements/requirements_lock_3_11.txt
    • Updated the websockets package constraint from python_full_version > "3.9.1" to python_full_version > "3.11".
  • examples/multi_python_versions/requirements/requirements_lock_3_12.txt
    • Updated the websockets package constraint from python_full_version > "3.9.1" to python_full_version > "3.11".
  • examples/multi_python_versions/requirements/requirements_lock_3_13.txt
    • Updated the websockets package constraint from python_full_version > "3.9.1" to python_full_version > "3.11".
  • examples/multi_python_versions/requirements/requirements_lock_3_14.txt
    • Updated the websockets package constraint from python_full_version > "3.9.1" to python_full_version > "3.11".
  • python/private/pypi/pkg_aliases.bzl
    • Added logic to conditionally set target_compatible_with for alias rules when the actual attribute is a dictionary, marking targets as incompatible by default unless explicitly compatible with a specific platform.
  • tests/pypi/pkg_aliases/pkg_aliases_test.bzl
    • Modified the mock alias functions in various test cases to accept the new target_compatible_with keyword argument, ensuring test compatibility with the updated pkg_aliases rule.
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Signed-off-by: Nahuel Espinosa <nahue.espinosa@gmail.com>
@nahueespinosa nahueespinosa force-pushed the use-target-compatible-with branch from c01ea5f to e8966fb Compare February 10, 2026 14:54
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Code Review

This pull request introduces a mechanism to handle platform-specific package compatibility by using target_compatible_with in package aliases. This allows Bazel to gracefully skip incompatible targets in multi-platform builds. The implementation in pkg_aliases.bzl correctly uses a select statement to set compatibility based on the provided configuration settings. My review includes a suggestion to improve code style for type checking and a recommendation to add tests to verify the new target_compatible_with logic, which is currently missing. Overall, this is a good proof of concept that addresses a valid use case.

if target_name.startswith("_"):
kwargs["visibility"] = ["//_groups:__subpackages__"]

if type(actual) == type({}):
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medium

For clarity and to follow Starlark's idiomatic style, it's better to compare the type string directly, i.e., type(actual) == "dict" instead of type(actual) == type({}). This improves readability.

Suggested change
if type(actual) == type({}):
if type(actual) == "dict":

extra_aliases = ["my_special"],
native = struct(
alias = lambda *, name, actual, visibility = None, tags = None: got.update({name: actual}),
alias = lambda *, name, actual, visibility = None, tags = None, target_compatible_with = None: got.update({name: actual}),
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medium

The tests should be updated to assert that target_compatible_with is being set correctly. Currently, the new target_compatible_with parameter is accepted by the mock alias but its value is not checked.

You could modify the mock to store the target_compatible_with value and then add assertions to verify it. For example, in _test_config_setting_aliases you could do:

    # In _test_config_setting_aliases
    got_compatible_with = {}

    def mock_alias(*, name, actual, visibility = None, tags = None, target_compatible_with = None):
        got.update({name: actual})
        if target_compatible_with:
            got_compatible_with[name] = target_compatible_with

    # ... inside pkg_aliases call
    native = struct(
        alias = mock_alias
    )

    # ... after pkg_aliases call
    # The result of selects.with_or is a dict for the select() statement.
    # We can check its contents.
    env.expect.that_dict(got_compatible_with["pkg"]).to_be({
        "//:my_config_setting": [],
        "//conditions:default": ["@platforms//:incompatible"],
    })

This would ensure the new logic is correctly tested across different scenarios (e.g., with single config settings, multiple, and with whl_config_setting).

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