diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
deleted file mode 100755
index da2b046..0000000
--- a/.github/workflows/tests.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-name: Run Tests
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: ["**"]
-
-
-jobs:
-  test:
-    name: Test Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.12", "3.13"]
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-
-      - name: Install Poetry
-        uses: snok/install-poetry@v1
-        with:
-          virtualenvs-create: true
-          virtualenvs-in-project: true
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: poetry install --with test --no-interaction --no-ansi
-
-      - name: Run tests with coverage
-        run: poetry run poe tests
-
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        if: matrix.python-version == '3.13'
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
-        with:
-            token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-            slug: ddc/pythonLogs
diff --git a/.github/workflows/workflow.yml b/.github/workflows/workflow.yml
index 5576340..ebfd27f 100755
--- a/.github/workflows/workflow.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/workflow.yml
@@ -1,20 +1,93 @@
 name: CI/CD Pipeline
 
-on:
+
+"on":
   push:
-    branches: [main, master]
+    branches: ["**"]
     tags: ['v*']
 
 
 jobs:
+  test:
+    name: Test Python ${{ matrix.python-version }} on ${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runs-on || matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
+        python-version: ["3.12", "3.13"]
+        include:
+          - os: "macos-14-arm64"
+            runs-on: "macos-14"
+            python-version: "3.12"
+          - os: "macos-14-arm64"
+            runs-on: "macos-14"
+            python-version: "3.13"
+          - os: "ubuntu-latest-arm64"
+            runs-on: "ubuntu-latest"
+            python-version: "3.12"
+            arch: "arm64"
+          - os: "ubuntu-latest-arm64"
+            runs-on: "ubuntu-latest"
+            python-version: "3.13"
+            arch: "arm64"
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up QEMU for ARM64 emulation
+        if: matrix.arch == 'arm64'
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        with:
+          platforms: arm64
+
+      - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+
+      - name: Install Poetry
+        uses: snok/install-poetry@v1
+        with:
+          virtualenvs-create: true
+          virtualenvs-in-project: true
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: poetry install --with test --no-interaction --no-ansi
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Run tests with coverage
+        run: poetry run poe tests
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
+        if: matrix.python-version == '3.13' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
+        with:
+            token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+            slug: ddc/pythonLogs
+
+      - name: Upload test results to Codecov
+        if: matrix.python-version == '3.13' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        uses: codecov/test-results-action@v1
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+          slug: ddc/pythonLogs
+
   build:
     name: Build for Python ${{ matrix.python-version }} on ${{ matrix.os }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runs-on || matrix.os }}
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest, macos-latest]
+        os: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
         python-version: ["3.12", "3.13"]
+        include:
+          - os: "macos-14-arm64"
+            runs-on: "macos-14"
+            python-version: "3.12"
+          - os: "macos-14-arm64"
+            runs-on: "macos-14"
+            python-version: "3.13"
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
@@ -30,7 +103,12 @@ jobs:
           virtualenvs-in-project: true
 
       - name: Install build dependencies only
-        run: poetry install --only main --no-interaction --no-ansi
+        run: |
+          if [[ "${{ matrix.os }}" == "windows-latest" ]]; then
+            poetry install --only main --no-interaction --no-ansi -E mongodb -E mssql -E mysql -E oracle
+          else
+            poetry install --only main --no-interaction --no-ansi -E all
+          fi
         shell: bash
 
       - name: Build package with custom build script
@@ -53,10 +131,79 @@ jobs:
           path: dist-py${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ matrix.os }}/
           retention-days: 7
 
+  build-linux-arm64:
+    name: Build Linux ARM64 wheels
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ["3.12", "3.13"]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        with:
+          platforms: linux/arm64
+
+      - name: Build ARM64 wheel using Docker
+        run: |
+          # Create a multi-stage Dockerfile for ARM64 builds
+          cat << 'EOF' > Dockerfile.arm64
+          FROM python:${{ matrix.python-version }}-slim
+          
+          WORKDIR /build
+          
+          # Install build dependencies
+          RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
+              build-essential \
+              git \
+              && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+          
+          # Install Poetry
+          RUN pip install poetry
+          
+          # Copy project files
+          COPY . .
+          
+          # Configure Poetry and build
+          RUN poetry config virtualenvs.create false \
+              && poetry install --only main --no-interaction --no-ansi \
+              && poetry run python build.py \
+              && poetry build
+          
+          # Copy artifacts to output volume
+          CMD ["cp", "-r", "dist/", "/output/"]
+          EOF
+          
+          # Build using buildx for ARM64
+          docker buildx build \
+            --platform linux/arm64 \
+            --file Dockerfile.arm64 \
+            --tag pythonlogs-arm64-builder:${{ matrix.python-version }} \
+            --load \
+            .
+          
+          # Create output directory
+          mkdir -p dist-arm64-py${{ matrix.python-version }}
+          
+          # Run container to extract artifacts
+          docker run --rm \
+            --platform linux/arm64 \
+            -v $(pwd)/dist-arm64-py${{ matrix.python-version }}:/output \
+            pythonlogs-arm64-builder:${{ matrix.python-version }}
+
+      - name: Upload Linux ARM64 Python ${{ matrix.python-version }} artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: python-packages-${{ matrix.python-version }}-linux-arm64
+          path: dist-arm64-py${{ matrix.python-version }}/
+          retention-days: 7
+
   release:
     name: Create Release
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: build
+    needs: [build, build-linux-arm64]
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
     permissions:
       contents: write
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 85df18b..836de51 100755
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -162,3 +162,4 @@ cython_debug/
 /profile_fixed.prof
 /profile_output.prof
 /profile_pytest.prof
+/junit.xml
diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index 0123c0f..31c73b1 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -27,79 +27,100 @@ files = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "coverage"
-version = "7.9.2"
+version = "7.10.0"
 description = "Code coverage measurement for Python"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.9"
 groups = ["test"]
 files = [
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-    {file = "coverage-7.9.2-cp310-cp310-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:4e01d138540ef34fcf35c1aa24d06c3de2a4cffa349e29a10056544f35cca15f"},
-    {file = "coverage-7.9.2-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:f22627c1fe2745ee98d3ab87679ca73a97e75ca75eb5faee48660d060875465f"},
-    {file = "coverage-7.9.2-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_5_i686.manylinux1_i686.manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:4b1c2d8363247b46bd51f393f86c94096e64a1cf6906803fa8d5a9d03784bdbf"},
-    {file = "coverage-7.9.2-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:c10c882b114faf82dbd33e876d0cbd5e1d1ebc0d2a74ceef642c6152f3f4d547"},
-    {file = "coverage-7.9.2-cp310-cp310-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:de3c0378bdf7066c3988d66cd5232d161e933b87103b014ab1b0b4676098fa45"},
-    {file = "coverage-7.9.2-cp310-cp310-musllinux_1_2_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:1e2f097eae0e5991e7623958a24ced3282676c93c013dde41399ff63e230fcf2"},
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+    {file = "coverage-7.10.0-cp39-cp39-musllinux_1_2_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:4a38c42f0182a012fa9ec25bc6057e51114c1ba125be304f3f776d6d283cb303"},
+    {file = "coverage-7.10.0-cp39-cp39-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:bf09beb5c1785cb36aad042455c0afab561399b74bb8cdaf6e82b7d77322df99"},
+    {file = "coverage-7.10.0-cp39-cp39-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:cb8dfbb5d3016cb8d1940444c0c69b40cdc6c8bde724b07716ee5ea47b5273c6"},
+    {file = "coverage-7.10.0-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:58ff22653cd93d563110d1ff2aef958f5f21be9e917762f8124d0e36f80f172a"},
+    {file = "coverage-7.10.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:310a786330bb0463775c21d68e26e79973839b66d29e065c5787122b8dd4489f"},
+    {file = "coverage-7.10.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:2768885aef484b5dcde56262cbdfba559b770bfc46994fe9485dc3614c7a5867"},
 ]
 
 [package.extras]
@@ -395,6 +416,26 @@ pygments = ">=2.7.2"
 [package.extras]
 dev = ["argcomplete", "attrs (>=19.2)", "hypothesis (>=3.56)", "mock", "requests", "setuptools", "xmlschema"]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pytest-cov"
+version = "6.2.1"
+description = "Pytest plugin for measuring coverage."
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.9"
+groups = ["test"]
+files = [
+    {file = "pytest_cov-6.2.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f5bc4c23f42f1cdd23c70b1dab1bbaef4fc505ba950d53e0081d0730dd7e86d5"},
+    {file = "pytest_cov-6.2.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:25cc6cc0a5358204b8108ecedc51a9b57b34cc6b8c967cc2c01a4e00d8a67da2"},
+]
+
+[package.dependencies]
+coverage = {version = ">=7.5", extras = ["toml"]}
+pluggy = ">=1.2"
+pytest = ">=6.2.5"
+
+[package.extras]
+testing = ["fields", "hunter", "process-tests", "pytest-xdist", "virtualenv"]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "python-dotenv"
 version = "1.1.1"
@@ -503,4 +544,4 @@ typing-extensions = ">=4.12.0"
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.1"
 python-versions = "^3.12"
-content-hash = "f5274cb99a5307fb389b434e47d7bea063341abf33c538472dbff5a8dac6d37a"
+content-hash = "f909d5d0189c02dc89bb73ca0a7f670884daaa05daa3b3f051102e9302834157"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 7bc78d9..277543d 100755
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
 
 [tool.poetry]
 name = "pythonLogs"
-version = "5.0.0"
+version = "5.0.1"
 description = "High-performance Python logging library with file rotation and optimized caching for better performance"
 license = "MIT"
 readme = "README.md"
@@ -43,16 +43,14 @@ pydantic-settings = "^2.10.1"
 python-dotenv = "^1.1.1"
 
 [tool.poetry.group.test.dependencies]
-coverage = "^7.9.2"
 poethepoet = "^0.36.0"
 psutil = "^7.0.0"
 pytest = "^8.4.1"
+pytest-cov = "^6.2.1"
 
 [tool.poe.tasks]
-_test = "coverage run -m pytest -v"
-_coverage_report = "coverage report"
-_coverage_xml = "coverage xml"
-tests = ["_test", "_coverage_report", "_coverage_xml"]
+_test = "python -m pytest -v --cov=pythonLogs --cov-report=term --cov-report=xml --junitxml=junit.xml -o junit_family=legacy"
+tests = ["_test"]
 test = ["tests"]
 
 [tool.black]
@@ -66,6 +64,7 @@ markers = [
 
 [tool.coverage.run]
 omit = [
+    "build.py",
     "tests/*",
 ]
 
diff --git a/pythonLogs/log_utils.py b/pythonLogs/log_utils.py
index 6e77160..7982737 100644
--- a/pythonLogs/log_utils.py
+++ b/pythonLogs/log_utils.py
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ def is_older_than_x_days(path: str, days: int) -> bool:
         raise FileNotFoundError(errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), path)
 
     try:
-        if int(days) in (0, 1):
+        if int(days) == 0:
             cutoff_time = datetime.now()
         else:
             cutoff_time = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=int(days))
@@ -153,17 +153,21 @@ def is_older_than_x_days(path: str, days: int) -> bool:
 
 # Cache stderr timezone for better performance
 @lru_cache(maxsize=1)
-def _get_stderr_timezone():
+def get_stderr_timezone():
     timezone_name = os.getenv("LOG_TIMEZONE", "UTC")
     if timezone_name.lower() == "localtime":
         return None  # Use system local timezone
-    return ZoneInfo(timezone_name)
+    try:
+        return ZoneInfo(timezone_name)
+    except Exception:
+        # Fallback to local timezone if requested timezone is not available
+        return None
 
 
 def write_stderr(msg: str) -> None:
     """Write msg to stderr with optimized timezone handling"""
     try:
-        tz = _get_stderr_timezone()
+        tz = get_stderr_timezone()
         if tz is None:
             # Use local timezone
             dt = datetime.now()
@@ -202,12 +206,17 @@ def get_log_path(directory: str, filename: str) -> str:
 
 
 @lru_cache(maxsize=32)
-def _get_timezone_offset(timezone_: str) -> str:
-    """Cache timezone offset calculation"""
+def get_timezone_offset(timezone_: str) -> str:
+    """Cache timezone offset calculation with fallback for missing timezone data"""
     if timezone_.lower() == "localtime":
         return time.strftime("%z")
     else:
-        return datetime.now(ZoneInfo(timezone_)).strftime("%z")
+        try:
+            return datetime.now(ZoneInfo(timezone_)).strftime("%z")
+        except Exception:
+            # Fallback to localtime if the requested timezone is not available
+            # This is common on Windows systems without full timezone data
+            return time.strftime("%z")
 
 
 def get_format(show_location: bool, name: str, timezone_: str) -> str:
@@ -221,7 +230,7 @@ def get_format(show_location: bool, name: str, timezone_: str) -> str:
     if show_location:
         _debug_fmt = "[%(filename)s:%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d]:"
 
-    utc_offset = _get_timezone_offset(timezone_)
+    utc_offset = get_timezone_offset(timezone_)
     return f"[%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d{utc_offset}]:[%(levelname)s]:{_logger_name}{_debug_fmt}%(message)s"
 
 
@@ -235,13 +244,27 @@ def gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path: str, sufix: str) -> str | None:
     # Use pathlib for cleaner path operations
     renamed_dst = path_obj.with_name(f"{path_obj.stem}_{sufix}{path_obj.suffix}.gz")
 
-    try:
-        with open(file_path, "rb") as fin:
-            with gzip.open(renamed_dst, "wb", compresslevel=6) as fout:  # Balanced compression
-                shutil.copyfileobj(fin, fout, length=64*1024)  # type: ignore # 64KB chunks for better performance
-    except (OSError, IOError) as e:
-        write_stderr(f"Unable to gzip log file | {file_path} | {repr(e)}")
-        raise e
+    # Windows-specific retry mechanism for file locking issues
+    max_retries = 3 if sys.platform == "win32" else 1
+    retry_delay = 0.1  # 100ms delay between retries
+    
+    for attempt in range(max_retries):
+        try:
+            with open(file_path, "rb") as fin:
+                with gzip.open(renamed_dst, "wb", compresslevel=6) as fout:  # Balanced compression
+                    shutil.copyfileobj(fin, fout, length=64*1024)  # type: ignore # 64KB chunks for better performance
+            break  # Success, exit retry loop
+        except PermissionError as e:
+            # Windows file locking issue - retry with delay
+            if attempt < max_retries - 1 and sys.platform == "win32":
+                time.sleep(retry_delay)
+                continue
+            # Final attempt failed or not Windows - treat as regular error
+            write_stderr(f"Unable to gzip log file | {file_path} | {repr(e)}")
+            raise e
+        except (OSError, IOError) as e:
+            write_stderr(f"Unable to gzip log file | {file_path} | {repr(e)}")
+            raise e
 
     try:
         path_obj.unlink()  # Use pathlib for deletion
@@ -254,13 +277,23 @@ def gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path: str, sufix: str) -> str | None:
 
 @lru_cache(maxsize=32)
 def get_timezone_function(time_zone: str) -> Callable:
-    """Get timezone function with caching for better performance"""
+    """Get timezone function with caching and fallback for missing timezone data"""
     match time_zone.lower():
         case "utc":
-            return time.gmtime
+            try:
+                # Try to create UTC timezone to verify it's available
+                ZoneInfo("UTC")
+                return time.gmtime
+            except Exception:
+                # Fallback to localtime if UTC timezone data is missing
+                return time.localtime
         case "localtime":
             return time.localtime
         case _:
-            # Cache the timezone object
-            tz = ZoneInfo(time_zone)
-            return lambda *args: datetime.now(tz=tz).timetuple()
+            try:
+                # Cache the timezone object
+                tz = ZoneInfo(time_zone)
+                return lambda *args: datetime.now(tz=tz).timetuple()
+            except Exception:
+                # Fallback to localtime if the requested timezone is not available
+                return time.localtime
diff --git a/pythonLogs/memory_utils.py b/pythonLogs/memory_utils.py
index 0875b67..4c75ddb 100644
--- a/pythonLogs/memory_utils.py
+++ b/pythonLogs/memory_utils.py
@@ -175,12 +175,12 @@ def optimize_lru_cache_sizes() -> None:
     log_utils.get_timezone_function = lru_cache(maxsize=8)(log_utils.get_timezone_function.__wrapped__)
 
     # Clear and recreate timezone offset cache with smaller size  
-    log_utils._get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
-    log_utils._get_timezone_offset = lru_cache(maxsize=8)(log_utils._get_timezone_offset.__wrapped__)
+    log_utils.get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
+    log_utils.get_timezone_offset = lru_cache(maxsize=8)(log_utils.get_timezone_offset.__wrapped__)
 
     # Clear and recreate stderr timezone cache with smaller size
-    log_utils._get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
-    log_utils._get_stderr_timezone = lru_cache(maxsize=4)(log_utils._get_stderr_timezone.__wrapped__)
+    log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+    log_utils.get_stderr_timezone = lru_cache(maxsize=4)(log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.__wrapped__)
 
 
 def force_garbage_collection() -> Dict[str, int]:
diff --git a/tests/context_management/test_resource_management.py b/tests/context_management/test_resource_management.py
index 453944d..113d151 100644
--- a/tests/context_management/test_resource_management.py
+++ b/tests/context_management/test_resource_management.py
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ def test_factory_registry_cleanup(self):
 
         # Verify handlers were closed and removed
         assert len(logger.handlers) == 0
+        assert initial_handler_count > 0  # Ensure we actually had handlers to clean up
         assert len(LoggerFactory._logger_registry) == 0
 
     def test_shutdown_specific_logger(self):
@@ -236,6 +237,8 @@ def test_memory_usage_after_cleanup(self):
 
         # Logger should still exist due to registry
         assert logger_weakref() is not None
+        # Handlers should also still exist
+        assert all(ref() is not None for ref in handler_weakrefs)
 
         # Clear registry
         clear_logger_registry()
@@ -244,7 +247,7 @@ def test_memory_usage_after_cleanup(self):
         gc.collect()
 
         # Logger should be garbage collected
-        # Note: This test might be flaky depending on Python's garbage collector
+        # Note: This test might be flaky depending on Python's garbage collector,
         # but it helps verify we're not holding unnecessary references
         print(f"Logger weakref after cleanup: {logger_weakref()}")
 
diff --git a/tests/core/test_log_utils.py b/tests/core/test_log_utils.py
index 21fd158..ad5abd1 100644
--- a/tests/core/test_log_utils.py
+++ b/tests/core/test_log_utils.py
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
+"""Utility functions and tests for log_utils module."""
 import contextlib
+import functools
 import io
 import logging
 import os
-import shutil
 import sys
 import tempfile
 import time
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 import pytest
 
 
@@ -16,6 +19,319 @@
 from pythonLogs import log_utils
 
 
+# ============================================================================
+# UTILITY FUNCTIONS (formerly from test_utils.py)
+# ============================================================================
+
+def skip_if_no_zoneinfo_utc():
+    """Skip test if zoneinfo or UTC timezone data is not available (common on Windows)."""
+    try:
+        from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+        ZoneInfo("UTC")  # Test if UTC is available
+    except Exception:
+        pytest.skip("zoneinfo not available or UTC timezone data missing on this system")
+
+
+def get_safe_timezone():
+    """Get a timezone that works on all platforms."""
+    try:
+        from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+        ZoneInfo("UTC")  # Test if UTC is available
+        return "UTC"
+    except Exception:
+        return "localtime"  # Fallback to localtime which should always work
+
+
+def requires_zoneinfo_utc(func):
+    """Decorator to skip tests that require zoneinfo UTC support."""
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        skip_if_no_zoneinfo_utc()
+        return func(*args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def requires_zoneinfo(timezone):
+    """Decorator to skip tests that require a specific timezone."""
+    def decorator(func):
+        @functools.wraps(func)
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            try:
+                from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+                ZoneInfo(timezone)  # Test if timezone is available
+            except Exception:
+                pytest.skip(f"Timezone '{timezone}' not available on this system")
+            return func(*args, **kwargs)
+        return wrapper
+    return decorator
+
+
+def patch_logger_kwargs_with_safe_timezone(kwargs):
+    """Patch logger kwargs to use safe timezone if UTC is specified but not available."""
+    if kwargs.get('timezone') == 'UTC':
+        try:
+            from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+            ZoneInfo("UTC")  # Test if UTC is available
+        except Exception:
+            kwargs['timezone'] = 'localtime'  # Fall back to localtime
+    return kwargs
+
+
+def safe_delete_file(filepath, max_attempts=3, delay=0.1):
+    """
+    Safely delete a file with Windows compatibility.
+    
+    On Windows, files can remain locked by processes even after being closed,
+    leading to PermissionError. This function tries multiple times with delays.
+    
+    Args:
+        filepath: Path to the file to delete
+        max_attempts: Maximum number of deletion attempts (default: 3)
+        delay: Delay between attempts in seconds (default: 0.1)
+    
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if file was deleted successfully, False otherwise
+    """
+    if not os.path.exists(filepath):
+        return True  # Already deleted
+    
+    for attempt in range(max_attempts):
+        try:
+            os.unlink(filepath)
+            return True
+        except PermissionError:
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                # On Windows, file might be locked - wait and retry
+                if attempt < max_attempts - 1:
+                    time.sleep(delay)
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    # Last attempt failed - log and return False
+                    print(f"Warning: Could not delete {filepath} after {max_attempts} attempts")
+                    return False
+            else:
+                # On non-Windows systems, permission error is probably real
+                raise
+        except (OSError, IOError) as e:
+            # Other OS errors should be raised
+            raise e
+    
+    return False
+
+
+def safe_close_and_delete_file(file_handler, filepath, max_attempts=3, delay=0.1):
+    """
+    Safely close a file handler and delete the associated file.
+    
+    This function ensures proper closure of file handlers before attempting
+    deletion, which is crucial on Windows systems.
+    
+    Args:
+        file_handler: The file handler to close (can be None)
+        filepath: Path to the file to delete
+        max_attempts: Maximum number of deletion attempts (default: 3)
+        delay: Delay between attempts in seconds (default: 0.1)
+    
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if file was deleted successfully, False otherwise
+    """
+    # Close the handler first if it exists
+    if file_handler is not None:
+        try:
+            file_handler.close()
+        except (OSError, AttributeError):
+            # The Handler might already be closed or not have a close method
+            pass
+    
+    # Small delay to ensure file handle is fully released
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        time.sleep(0.05)
+    
+    return safe_delete_file(filepath, max_attempts, delay)
+
+
+def cleanup_logger_handlers(logger):
+    """
+    Safely close and remove all handlers from a logger.
+    
+    This is crucial on Windows to ensure file handles are released
+    before attempting to delete temporary directories.
+    
+    Args:
+        logger: The logger whose handlers should be cleaned up
+    """
+    if logger is None:
+        return
+    
+    # Get a copy of handlers to avoid modifying list while iterating
+    handlers = logger.handlers.copy()
+    
+    for handler in handlers:
+        try:
+            # Close the handler first
+            handler.close()
+        except (OSError, AttributeError):
+            # The Handler might already be closed or not have a close method
+            pass
+        finally:
+            # Remove the handler from the logger
+            try:
+                logger.removeHandler(handler)
+            except (ValueError, AttributeError):
+                # Handler might already be removed
+                pass
+    
+    # Small delay on Windows to ensure handles are fully released
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        time.sleep(0.05)
+
+
+def cleanup_all_loggers():
+    """
+    Clean up all loggers by closing their handlers.
+    
+    This function iterates through all existing loggers and closes
+    their handlers to prevent file locking issues on Windows.
+    """
+    import logging
+    
+    # Get all existing loggers
+    loggers_to_cleanup = []
+    
+    # Get the root logger
+    root_logger = logging.getLogger()
+    if root_logger.handlers:
+        loggers_to_cleanup.append(root_logger)
+    
+    # Get all named loggers from the logger manager
+    for name in logging.Logger.manager.loggerDict:
+        logger = logging.getLogger(name)
+        if logger.handlers:
+            loggers_to_cleanup.append(logger)
+    
+    # Clean up all loggers
+    for logger in loggers_to_cleanup:
+        cleanup_logger_handlers(logger)
+    
+    # Additional delay on Windows
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+
+
+def safe_delete_directory(directory_path, max_attempts=5, delay=0.2):
+    """
+    Safely delete a directory with Windows compatibility.
+    
+    On Windows, directories can remain locked by processes even after
+    file handles are closed, leading to PermissionError.
+    
+    Args:
+        directory_path: Path to the directory to delete  
+        max_attempts: Maximum number of deletion attempts (default: 5)
+        delay: Delay between attempts in seconds (default: 0.2)
+    
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if directory was deleted successfully, False otherwise
+    """
+    import shutil
+    
+    if not os.path.exists(directory_path):
+        return True  # Already deleted
+    
+    for attempt in range(max_attempts):
+        try:
+            shutil.rmtree(directory_path)
+            return True
+        except PermissionError:
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                # On Windows, directory might be locked - wait and retry
+                if attempt < max_attempts - 1:
+                    # Clean up any remaining logger handlers
+                    cleanup_all_loggers()
+                    time.sleep(delay)
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    # Last attempt failed - log and return False
+                    print(f"Warning: Could not delete directory {directory_path} after {max_attempts} attempts")
+                    return False
+            else:
+                # On non-Windows systems, permission error is probably real
+                raise
+        except (OSError, IOError) as e:
+            # Other OS errors should be raised
+            raise e
+    
+    return False
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def windows_safe_temp_directory(**kwargs):
+    """
+    Context manager for creating temporary directories that are safely cleaned up on Windows.
+    
+    This context manager handles Windows-specific file locking issues by ensuring
+    all logger handlers are cleaned up before attempting directory deletion.
+    
+    Args:
+        **kwargs: Arguments passed to tempfile.TemporaryDirectory
+        
+    Yields:
+        str: Path to the temporary directory
+    """
+    # Clean up any existing loggers before creating temp directory
+    cleanup_all_loggers()
+    
+    temp_dir_obj = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(**kwargs)
+    temp_dir = temp_dir_obj.__enter__()
+    
+    try:
+        yield temp_dir
+    finally:
+        try:
+            # Clean up all loggers and their handlers before directory deletion
+            cleanup_all_loggers()
+            
+            # Attempt normal cleanup first
+            temp_dir_obj.__exit__(None, None, None)
+        except (OSError, PermissionError):
+            # On Windows, if normal cleanup fails, use safe deletion
+            try:
+                safe_delete_directory(temp_dir)
+            except Exception:
+                # If all else fails, just log the issue
+                print(f"Warning: Could not clean up temporary directory {temp_dir}")
+
+
+def create_windows_safe_temp_file(suffix="", prefix="tmp", dir=None, text=False):
+    """
+    Create a temporary file with Windows-safe cleanup.
+    
+    Args:
+        suffix: File suffix (default: "")
+        prefix: File prefix (default: "tmp")
+        dir: Directory to create file in (default: None)
+        text: Whether to open in text mode (default: False)
+        
+    Returns:
+        tuple: (file_handle, file_path)
+    """
+    import tempfile
+    
+    # Create temporary file
+    fd, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=suffix, prefix=prefix, dir=dir, text=text)
+    
+    # Convert file descriptor to file handle
+    mode = 'w' if text else 'wb'
+    file_handle = os.fdopen(fd, mode)
+    
+    return file_handle, filepath
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# TEST CLASSES
+# ============================================================================
+
+
 class TestLogUtils:
     @classmethod
     def setup_class(cls):
@@ -41,8 +357,10 @@ def test_check_filename_instance(self):
         assert filenames in str(exec_info.value)
         assert "Unable to parse filenames" in str(exec_info.value)
 
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Unix/Linux/macOS-specific chmod test")
     def test_check_directory_permissions(self):
-        # Test permission error on access
+        """Test directory permission checking (Unix/Linux/macOS)."""
+        # Unix-style permission testing
         directory = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), "test_permission")
         os.makedirs(directory, mode=0o000, exist_ok=True)  # No permissions at all
         assert os.path.exists(directory) == True
@@ -54,12 +372,18 @@ def test_check_directory_permissions(self):
         log_utils.delete_file(directory)
         assert os.path.exists(directory) == False
 
-        # test permission error on creation
-        directory = "/non-existent-directory"
-        with pytest.raises(PermissionError) as exec_info:
-            log_utils.check_directory_permissions(directory)
-        assert type(exec_info.value) is PermissionError
-        assert "Unable to create directory" in str(exec_info.value)
+        # test permission error on creation - use a readonly parent directory
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            readonly_parent = os.path.join(temp_dir, "readonly")
+            os.makedirs(readonly_parent, mode=0o555)  # Read-only parent
+            try:
+                non_existent = os.path.join(readonly_parent, "non-existent-directory")
+                with pytest.raises(PermissionError) as exec_info:
+                    log_utils.check_directory_permissions(non_existent)
+                assert type(exec_info.value) is PermissionError
+                assert "Unable to create directory" in str(exec_info.value)
+            finally:
+                os.chmod(readonly_parent, 0o755)  # Restore permissions for cleanup
 
     def test_remove_old_logs(self):
         directory = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), "test_remove_logs")
@@ -78,27 +402,38 @@ def test_remove_old_logs(self):
         assert os.path.exists(directory) == False
 
     def test_delete_file(self):
-        directory = tempfile.gettempdir()
-        tmpfilewrapper = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=directory, suffix=".log")
-        file_path = tmpfilewrapper.name
+        """Test delete_file with standard Unix/Linux file handling."""
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="w", suffix=".log", delete=False) as tmp_file:
+            file_path = tmp_file.name
+            tmp_file.write("test content")
+        
         assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
         log_utils.delete_file(file_path)
         assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == False
 
     def test_is_older_than_x_days(self):
-        directory = tempfile.gettempdir()
-        tmpfilewrapper = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=directory, suffix=".log")
-        file_path = tmpfilewrapper.name
-        assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
+        """Test is_older_than_x_days with standard Unix/Linux file handling."""
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="w", suffix=".log", delete=False) as tmp_file:
+            file_path = tmp_file.name
+            tmp_file.write("test content")
 
-        result = log_utils.is_older_than_x_days(file_path, 1)
-        assert result == True
+        try:
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
 
-        result = log_utils.is_older_than_x_days(file_path, 5)
-        assert result == False
+            # When days=1, it compares against 1 day ago, so newly created file should NOT be older
+            result = log_utils.is_older_than_x_days(file_path, 1)
+            assert result == False
 
-        log_utils.delete_file(file_path)
-        assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == False
+            # When days=5, it compares against 5 days ago, so newly created file should NOT be older
+            result = log_utils.is_older_than_x_days(file_path, 5)
+            assert result == False
+
+            log_utils.delete_file(file_path)
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == False
+        finally:
+            # Ensure cleanup if the test fails
+            if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                os.unlink(file_path)
 
     def test_get_level(self):
         level = log_utils.get_level(11111111)
@@ -123,6 +458,7 @@ def test_get_level(self):
         assert level == logging.CRITICAL
 
     def test_get_log_path(self):
+        import sys
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
             test_file = "test.log"
             # Test 1: Valid directory should return the correct path
@@ -135,62 +471,93 @@ def test_get_log_path(self):
             assert result == os.path.join(new_dir, test_file)
             assert os.path.exists(new_dir)  # Should have been created
 
-            # Test 3: Existing but non-writable directory should raise PermissionError
-            readonly_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "readonly")
-            os.makedirs(readonly_dir, mode=0o555)
-            try:
-                with pytest.raises(PermissionError) as exc_info:
-                    log_utils.get_log_path(readonly_dir, test_file)
-                assert "Unable to access directory" in str(exc_info.value)
-            finally:
-                os.chmod(readonly_dir, 0o755)  # Cleanup permissions
-                os.rmdir(readonly_dir)
+            # Test 3: Existing but non-writable directory should raise PermissionError  
+            # This test only works on Unix/Linux/macOS systems with chmod
+            if sys.platform != "win32":
+                readonly_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "readonly")
+                os.makedirs(readonly_dir, mode=0o555)
+                try:
+                    with pytest.raises(PermissionError) as exc_info:
+                        log_utils.get_log_path(readonly_dir, test_file)
+                    assert "Unable to access directory" in str(exc_info.value)
+                finally:
+                    os.chmod(readonly_dir, 0o755)  # Cleanup permissions
+                    os.rmdir(readonly_dir)
 
     def test_get_format(self):
         show_location = True
         name = "test1"
         timezone = "UTC"
         result = log_utils.get_format(show_location, name, timezone)
-        assert result == (
-            f"[%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d+0000]:[%(levelname)s]:[{name}]:"
-            "[%(filename)s:%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d]:%(message)s"
-        )
+        # On systems without UTC timezone data, this falls back to localtime
+        # Just verify the format structure is correct
+        assert f"[{name}]:" in result
+        assert "[%(filename)s:%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d]:" in result
+        assert "%(message)s" in result
 
         show_location = False
         name = "test2"
         timezone = "America/Los_Angeles"
         result = log_utils.get_format(show_location, name, timezone)
-        assert result.startswith("[%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d-0")
-        assert result.endswith(f"]:[%(levelname)s]:[{name}]:%(message)s")
+        # On systems without this timezone, it falls back to localtime
+        # Just verify the basic structure
+        assert f"[{name}]:" in result
+        assert "%(message)s" in result
 
         show_location = False
         name = "test3"
         timezone = "Australia/Queensland"
         result = log_utils.get_format(show_location, name, timezone)
-        assert result == f"[%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d+1000]:[%(levelname)s]:[{name}]:%(message)s"
+        # On systems without timezone data (common on Windows), this falls back to localtime
+        # Test should verify format structure rather than hardcoded timezone offset
+        expected_base_format = f"[%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d"
+        assert result.startswith(expected_base_format)
+        assert f"]:[%(levelname)s]:[{name}]:%(message)s" in result
+        # Verify timezone offset is present (either +1000 or fallback)
+        import re
+        # The % characters need to be literal in the regex
+        offset_pattern = r'\[%\(asctime\)s\.%\(msecs\)03d([+-]\d{4})\]'
+        match = re.search(offset_pattern, result)
+        assert match is not None, f"No timezone offset found in format: {result}"
+        # The offset could be +1000 (if timezone is available) or system localtime fallback
+        offset = match.group(1)
+        assert re.match(r'[+-]\d{4}', offset), f"Invalid timezone offset format: {offset}"
 
     def test_gzip_file_with_sufix(self):
-        directory = tempfile.gettempdir()
-        tmpfilewrapper = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=directory, suffix=".log")
-        file_path = tmpfilewrapper.name
-        assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
-        sufix = "test1"
-        result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, sufix)
-        file_path_no_suffix = file_path.split(".")[0]
-        assert result == f"{file_path_no_suffix}_{sufix}.log.gz"
-        log_utils.delete_file(result)
-        assert os.path.isfile(result) == False
-
-        # test a non-existent file
-        file_path = "/non-existent-directory/test2.log"
-        sufix = "test2"
-        result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, sufix)
-        assert result is None
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix with standard Unix/Linux file handling.""" 
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="w", suffix=".log", delete=False) as tmp_file:
+            file_path = tmp_file.name
+            tmp_file.write("test content for gzip")
+
+        try:
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
+            sufix = "test1"
+            result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, sufix)
+            file_path_no_suffix = file_path.split(".")[0]
+            assert result == f"{file_path_no_suffix}_{sufix}.log.gz"
+            
+            # Clean up the gzipped file
+            if os.path.exists(result):
+                os.unlink(result)
+            assert os.path.isfile(result) == False
+            
+        finally:
+            # Ensure cleanup of the original file if it still exists
+            if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                os.unlink(file_path)
+
+        # test a non-existent file - use tempfile path that doesn't exist
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            file_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "non-existent-directory", "test2.log")
+            sufix = "test2"
+            result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, sufix)
+            assert result is None
 
     def test_get_timezone_function(self):
         timezone = "UTC"
         result = log_utils.get_timezone_function(timezone)
-        assert result.__name__ == "gmtime"
+        # On systems without UTC timezone data, this may fall back to localtime
+        assert result.__name__ in ["gmtime", "localtime"]
 
         timezone = "localtime"
         result = log_utils.get_timezone_function(timezone)
@@ -198,7 +565,8 @@ def test_get_timezone_function(self):
 
         timezone = "America/Los_Angeles"
         result = log_utils.get_timezone_function(timezone)
-        assert result.__name__ == "<lambda>"
+        # On systems without timezone data (common on Windows), this falls back to localtime
+        assert result.__name__ in ["<lambda>", "localtime"]
 
     def test_write_stderr(self):
         """Test write_stderr function output"""
@@ -266,7 +634,7 @@ def test_get_logger_and_formatter_cleanup(self):
         assert len(new_logger.handlers) == 0
 
     def test_timezone_offset_caching(self):
-        """Test _get_timezone_offset function via get_format"""
+        """Test get_timezone_offset function via get_format"""
         # Test UTC timezone
         format1 = log_utils.get_format(False, "test", "UTC")
         format2 = log_utils.get_format(False, "test", "UTC")
@@ -278,7 +646,7 @@ def test_timezone_offset_caching(self):
         assert format3 is not None
 
     def test_stderr_timezone_caching(self):
-        """Test _get_stderr_timezone function via write_stderr"""
+        """Test get_stderr_timezone function via write_stderr"""
         # Test with UTC
         original_tz = os.environ.get("LOG_TIMEZONE")
         os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = "UTC"
@@ -289,7 +657,9 @@ def test_stderr_timezone_caching(self):
                 log_utils.write_stderr("Test UTC message")
             
             output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
-            assert "+0000" in output or "Z" in output  # UTC timezone indicator
+            # On systems with UTC timezone data, should have +0000 or Z
+            # On Windows without timezone data, falls back to local time (no timezone indicator)
+            assert "+0000" in output or "Z" in output or ("]:[ERROR]:" in output and "Test UTC message" in output)
         finally:
             if original_tz is not None:
                 os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = original_tz
@@ -297,7 +667,7 @@ def test_stderr_timezone_caching(self):
                 del os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"]
 
     def test_stderr_timezone_localtime(self):
-        """Test _get_stderr_timezone with localtime"""
+        """Test get_stderr_timezone with localtime"""
         original_tz = os.environ.get("LOG_TIMEZONE")
         os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = "localtime"
         
@@ -362,6 +732,7 @@ def test_gzip_file_error_handling(self):
         result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix("/non/existent/file.log", "test")
         assert result is None
 
+
     def test_remove_old_logs_edge_cases(self):
         """Test remove_old_logs with edge cases"""
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
@@ -435,6 +806,7 @@ def close(self):
         assert new_logger is logger
         assert len(new_logger.handlers) == 0
 
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Unix/Linux/macOS-specific chmod test")
     def test_remove_old_logs_file_error(self):
         """Test remove_old_logs error handling when file deletion fails"""
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
@@ -512,8 +884,9 @@ def test_delete_file_special_file(self):
             assert result == True
             assert not os.path.exists(link_file)
 
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Unix/Linux/macOS-specific chmod test")
     def test_get_log_path_permission_error(self):
-        """Test get_log_path when directory exists but is not writable"""
+        """Test get_log_path when directory exists but is not writable (Unix/Linux/macOS)"""
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
             # Create a subdirectory and make it read-only
             readonly_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "readonly")
@@ -529,8 +902,9 @@ def test_get_log_path_permission_error(self):
             finally:
                 os.chmod(readonly_dir, 0o755)  # Restore for cleanup
 
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Unix/Linux/macOS-specific chmod test")
     def test_gzip_file_io_error(self):
-        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix error handling during compression"""
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix error handling during compression (Unix/Linux/macOS)"""
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
             # Create a test file
             test_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test.log")
@@ -551,6 +925,7 @@ def test_gzip_file_io_error(self):
             finally:
                 os.chmod(temp_dir, 0o755)  # Restore for cleanup
 
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Unix/Linux/macOS-specific chmod test")
     def test_gzip_file_deletion_error(self):
         """Test gzip_file_with_sufix error when source file deletion fails"""
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
@@ -564,21 +939,21 @@ def test_gzip_file_deletion_error(self):
             assert result is not None
             assert result.endswith("_test.log.gz")
             
-            # Clean up
+            # Clean up with Windows-compatible deletion
             if os.path.exists(result):
-                os.unlink(result)
+                safe_delete_file(result)
 
     def test_write_stderr_fallback(self):
         """Test write_stderr fallback when timezone operations fail"""
         # Save original function
-        original_get_stderr_tz = log_utils._get_stderr_timezone
+        original_get_stderr_tz = log_utils.get_stderr_timezone
         
-        # Mock _get_stderr_timezone to raise an error
+        # Mock get_stderr_timezone to raise an error
         def mock_error_timezone():
             raise KeyError("Mock timezone error")
         
         try:
-            log_utils._get_stderr_timezone = mock_error_timezone
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone = mock_error_timezone
             
             stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
             with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
@@ -589,17 +964,17 @@ def mock_error_timezone():
             assert "ERROR" in output
         finally:
             # Restore original function
-            log_utils._get_stderr_timezone = original_get_stderr_tz
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone = original_get_stderr_tz
 
     def test_stderr_timezone_with_special_timezone(self):
-        """Test _get_stderr_timezone with different timezone configurations"""
+        """Test get_stderr_timezone with different timezone configurations"""
         original_tz = os.environ.get("LOG_TIMEZONE")
         
         try:
             # Test with a specific timezone
             os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = "Europe/London"
             # Clear the cache
-            log_utils._get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
             
             stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
             with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
@@ -613,7 +988,7 @@ def test_stderr_timezone_with_special_timezone(self):
                 os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = original_tz
             elif "LOG_TIMEZONE" in os.environ:
                 del os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"]
-            log_utils._get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
 
     def test_check_filename_instance_edge_cases(self):
         """Test check_filename_instance with more edge cases."""
@@ -637,7 +1012,7 @@ def test_lru_cache_behavior_verification(self):
         """Test LRU cache behavior in timezone functions."""
         # Clear caches first
         log_utils.get_timezone_function.cache_clear()
-        log_utils._get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
+        log_utils.get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
         
         # Test get_timezone_function cache
         initial_cache = log_utils.get_timezone_function.cache_info()
@@ -653,18 +1028,17 @@ def test_lru_cache_behavior_verification(self):
         assert cache_info.currsize == 2  # Two unique calls
         assert cache_info.hits >= 1  # At least one cache hit
         
-        # Test _get_timezone_offset cache
-        offset1 = log_utils._get_timezone_offset("UTC")
-        offset2 = log_utils._get_timezone_offset("UTC")
+        # Test get_timezone_offset cache
+        offset1 = log_utils.get_timezone_offset("UTC")
+        offset2 = log_utils.get_timezone_offset("UTC")
         assert offset1 == offset2
         
-        offset_cache = log_utils._get_timezone_offset.cache_info()
+        offset_cache = log_utils.get_timezone_offset.cache_info()
         assert offset_cache.currsize >= 1
         assert offset_cache.hits >= 1
 
     def test_thread_safety_directory_check(self):
         """Test thread safety of directory permission checking."""
-        import threading
         import concurrent.futures
         
         errors = []
@@ -726,19 +1100,23 @@ def test_get_timezone_function_edge_cases(self):
         """Test get_timezone_function with various timezone inputs."""
         # Test standard timezones
         utc_func = log_utils.get_timezone_function("UTC")
-        assert utc_func.__name__ == "gmtime"
+        # On systems without UTC timezone data (common on Windows), this falls back to localtime
+        assert utc_func.__name__ in ["gmtime", "localtime"]
         
         local_func = log_utils.get_timezone_function("localtime")
         assert local_func.__name__ == "localtime"
         
-        # Test case insensitivity
+        # Test case insensitivity - both should return the same function (cached)
         utc_upper = log_utils.get_timezone_function("UTC")
         utc_lower = log_utils.get_timezone_function("utc")
         assert utc_upper is utc_lower  # Should be cached
+        # Both should be either gmtime or localtime (fallback)
+        assert utc_upper.__name__ in ["gmtime", "localtime"]
         
         # Test custom timezone
         custom_func = log_utils.get_timezone_function("America/New_York")
-        assert custom_func.__name__ == "<lambda>"
+        # On systems without timezone data (common on Windows), this falls back to localtime
+        assert custom_func.__name__ in ["<lambda>", "localtime"]
         
         # Test function returns proper time tuple
         time_tuple = custom_func()
@@ -812,7 +1190,7 @@ def test_path_operations_edge_cases(self):
     def test_timezone_offset_various_timezones(self):
         """Test timezone offset calculation for various timezones."""
         # Clear cache first
-        log_utils._get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
+        log_utils.get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
         
         # Test various timezones
         timezones = [
@@ -825,7 +1203,7 @@ def test_timezone_offset_various_timezones(self):
         
         for tz, expected_offset in timezones:
             try:
-                offset = log_utils._get_timezone_offset(tz)
+                offset = log_utils.get_timezone_offset(tz)
                 assert isinstance(offset, str)
                 assert len(offset) == 5  # Format: +/-HHMM
                 assert offset[0] in ['+', '-']
@@ -874,8 +1252,8 @@ def test_memory_efficiency_verification(self):
         
         # Clear all caches
         log_utils.get_timezone_function.cache_clear()
-        log_utils._get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
-        log_utils._get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+        log_utils.get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
+        log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
         log_utils._checked_directories.clear()
         
         # Test that repeated operations don't significantly increase memory
@@ -884,10 +1262,380 @@ def test_memory_efficiency_verification(self):
         # Perform many operations
         for i in range(100):
             log_utils.get_timezone_function("UTC")
-            log_utils._get_timezone_offset("UTC")
+            log_utils.get_timezone_offset("UTC")
             log_utils.get_format(False, f"test_{i}", "UTC")
         
         # Reference count shouldn't grow significantly
         final_refs = sys.getrefcount(log_utils.get_timezone_function)
         ref_growth = final_refs - initial_refs
         assert ref_growth < 50, f"Memory leak detected: reference count grew by {ref_growth}"
+
+    def test_directory_permissions_double_checked_locking(self):
+        """Test the double-checked locking pattern in check_directory_permissions."""
+        import threading
+        
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Clear cache first
+            log_utils._checked_directories.clear()
+            
+            # Create a barrier to synchronize threads
+            barrier = threading.Barrier(2)
+            results = []
+            
+            def worker():
+                barrier.wait()  # Ensure both threads start at the same time
+                log_utils.check_directory_permissions(temp_dir)
+                results.append(temp_dir in log_utils._checked_directories)
+            
+            # Start two threads that will both try to check the same directory
+            threads = [threading.Thread(target=worker) for _ in range(2)]
+            for t in threads:
+                t.start()
+            
+            for t in threads:
+                t.join()
+            
+            # Both should have seen the directory in the cache
+            assert all(results)
+            assert temp_dir in log_utils._checked_directories
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Unix/Linux/macOS-specific FIFO test")
+    def test_delete_file_special_file_coverage(self):
+        """Test delete_file with special file that exists but is neither file nor dir."""
+        # This tests the elif path_obj.exists() branch (line 125)
+        # Create a FIFO (named pipe) which is a special file type
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            fifo_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test_fifo")
+            try:
+                os.mkfifo(fifo_path)
+                assert os.path.exists(fifo_path)
+                assert not os.path.isfile(fifo_path)
+                assert not os.path.isdir(fifo_path)
+                
+                # delete_file should handle this special file
+                result = log_utils.delete_file(fifo_path)
+                assert result == True
+                assert not os.path.exists(fifo_path)
+            except OSError:
+                # FIFO creation might not be supported on all systems
+                pytest.skip("FIFO creation not supported on this system")
+
+    def test_stderr_timezone_fallback_exception(self):
+        """Test get_stderr_timezone fallback when ZoneInfo raises exception."""
+        original_tz = os.environ.get("LOG_TIMEZONE")
+        
+        try:
+            # Set an invalid timezone to trigger the exception path
+            os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = "Invalid/NonExistent/Timezone"
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+            
+            # This should trigger the exception and fallback to None
+            result = log_utils.get_stderr_timezone()
+            assert result is None  # Should fall back to None (local timezone)
+            
+        finally:
+            if original_tz is not None:
+                os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = original_tz
+            elif "LOG_TIMEZONE" in os.environ:
+                del os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"]
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+
+    def test_write_stderr_local_timezone_path(self):
+        """Test write_stderr when using local timezone (tz is None)."""
+        original_tz = os.environ.get("LOG_TIMEZONE")
+        
+        try:
+            # Set timezone to localtime to trigger the tz is None path
+            os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = "localtime"
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+            
+            stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
+            with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
+                log_utils.write_stderr("Test local timezone message")
+            
+            output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
+            assert "Test local timezone message" in output
+            assert "ERROR" in output
+            # Should use local timezone (line 173: dt = datetime.now())
+            
+        finally:
+            if original_tz is not None:
+                os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = original_tz
+            elif "LOG_TIMEZONE" in os.environ:
+                del os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"]
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Unix/Linux/macOS-specific chmod test")
+    def test_get_log_path_write_permission_error(self):
+        """Test get_log_path when directory exists but write check fails (Unix/Linux/macOS)."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Create a directory and make it non-writable
+            test_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "non_writable")
+            os.makedirs(test_dir)
+            
+            # Add to cache first to bypass check_directory_permissions
+            log_utils._checked_directories.add(test_dir)
+            
+            # Make directory non-writable
+            os.chmod(test_dir, 0o555)  # Read and execute only
+            
+            try:
+                with pytest.raises(PermissionError) as exc_info:
+                    log_utils.get_log_path(test_dir, "test.log")
+                
+                # Should hit lines 201-203
+                assert "Unable to write to log directory" in str(exc_info.value)
+                
+            finally:
+                os.chmod(test_dir, 0o755)  # Restore for cleanup
+                log_utils._checked_directories.discard(test_dir)
+
+    def test_timezone_offset_fallback_exception(self):
+        """Test get_timezone_offset fallback when ZoneInfo raises exception."""
+        log_utils.get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
+        
+        # Test with invalid timezone that will trigger exception path
+        result = log_utils.get_timezone_offset("Invalid/Timezone/That/Does/Not/Exist")
+        
+        # Should fall back to localtime (lines 216-219)
+        assert isinstance(result, str)
+        assert len(result) == 5  # Format: +/-HHMM
+        assert result[0] in ['+', '-']
+
+    def test_gzip_file_source_deletion_error_coverage(self):
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix when source file deletion fails."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Create test file
+            test_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test.log")
+            with open(test_file, "w") as f:
+                f.write("test content")
+            
+            # Mock Path.unlink to raise OSError during deletion
+            import unittest.mock
+            from pathlib import Path
+            
+            original_unlink = Path.unlink
+            def mock_unlink(self):
+                if str(self) == test_file:
+                    raise OSError("Mock deletion error")
+                return original_unlink(self)
+            
+            try:
+                stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
+                with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
+                    with unittest.mock.patch.object(Path, 'unlink', mock_unlink):
+                        with pytest.raises(OSError):
+                            log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(test_file, "test")
+                
+                # Should hit lines 257-259
+                output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
+                assert "Unable to delete source log file" in output
+                
+            finally:
+                Path.unlink = original_unlink
+
+    def test_get_timezone_function_utc_fallback(self):
+        """Test get_timezone_function UTC fallback when ZoneInfo UTC fails."""
+        log_utils.get_timezone_function.cache_clear()
+        
+        # Mock the entire zoneinfo module to raise exception for UTC
+        import unittest.mock
+        
+        def mock_zoneinfo(key):
+            if key == "UTC":
+                raise Exception("Mock UTC timezone error")
+            # Return the real ZoneInfo for other timezones
+            from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+            return ZoneInfo(key)
+        
+        try:
+            with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.ZoneInfo', side_effect=mock_zoneinfo):
+                result = log_utils.get_timezone_function("UTC")
+                
+                # Should fall back to localtime (lines 273-275)
+                assert result.__name__ == "localtime"
+                
+        finally:
+            log_utils.get_timezone_function.cache_clear()
+
+    def test_get_timezone_function_custom_timezone_fallback(self):
+        """Test get_timezone_function custom timezone fallback."""
+        log_utils.get_timezone_function.cache_clear()
+        
+        # Mock the entire zoneinfo module to raise exception for custom timezone
+        import unittest.mock
+        
+        def mock_zoneinfo(key):
+            if key == "Custom/Timezone":
+                raise Exception("Mock custom timezone error")
+            # Return the real ZoneInfo for other timezones
+            from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+            return ZoneInfo(key)
+        
+        try:
+            with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.ZoneInfo', side_effect=mock_zoneinfo):
+                result = log_utils.get_timezone_function("Custom/Timezone")
+                
+                # Should fall back to localtime (lines 283-285)
+                assert result.__name__ == "localtime"
+                
+        finally:
+            log_utils.get_timezone_function.cache_clear()
+
+    def test_gzip_file_osioerror_handling(self):
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix OSError/IOError handling during compression."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Create a test file
+            test_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test_osioerror.log")
+            with open(test_file, "w") as f:
+                f.write("test content for OSError test")
+            
+            # Mock gzip.open to raise OSError during compression
+            import unittest.mock
+            
+            original_gzip_open = __import__('gzip').open
+            def mock_gzip_open(*args, **kwargs):
+                # Raise OSError to trigger lines 265-267
+                raise OSError("Mock OSError during gzip compression")
+            
+            try:
+                with unittest.mock.patch('gzip.open', side_effect=mock_gzip_open):
+                    stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
+                    with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
+                        with pytest.raises(OSError) as exc_info:
+                            log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(test_file, "osioerror_test")
+                    
+                    # Verify the error was logged to stderr (line 266)
+                    output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
+                    assert "Unable to gzip log file" in output
+                    assert test_file in output
+                    assert "Mock OSError during gzip compression" in output
+                    
+                    # Verify the exception was re-raised (line 267)
+                    assert "Mock OSError during gzip compression" in str(exc_info.value)
+                    
+            finally:
+                # Cleanup: remove the test file if it still exists
+                if os.path.exists(test_file):
+                    os.unlink(test_file)
+
+    def test_gzip_file_ioerror_handling(self):
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix IOError handling during compression."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Create a test file
+            test_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test_ioerror.log")
+            with open(test_file, "w") as f:
+                f.write("test content for IOError test")
+            
+            # Mock shutil.copyfileobj to raise IOError during copy
+            import unittest.mock
+            
+            def mock_copyfileobj(*args, **kwargs):
+                # Raise IOError to trigger lines 265-267
+                raise IOError("Mock IOError during file copy")
+            
+            try:
+                with unittest.mock.patch('shutil.copyfileobj', side_effect=mock_copyfileobj):
+                    stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
+                    with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
+                        with pytest.raises(IOError) as exc_info:
+                            log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(test_file, "ioerror_test")
+                    
+                    # Verify the error was logged to stderr (line 266)
+                    output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
+                    assert "Unable to gzip log file" in output
+                    assert test_file in output
+                    assert "Mock IOError during file copy" in output
+                    
+                    # Verify the exception was re-raised (line 267)
+                    assert "Mock IOError during file copy" in str(exc_info.value)
+                    
+            finally:
+                # Cleanup: remove the test file if it still exists
+                if os.path.exists(test_file):
+                    os.unlink(test_file)
+
+    def test_gzip_file_windows_retry_mechanism_coverage(self):
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix Windows retry mechanism for coverage."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Create a test file
+            test_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test_retry.log")
+            with open(test_file, "w") as f:
+                f.write("test content for retry mechanism")
+            
+            import unittest.mock
+            
+            # Mock to simulate Windows platform and PermissionError on first attempt
+            call_count = 0
+            original_open = open
+            
+            def mock_open_side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+                nonlocal call_count
+                call_count += 1
+                if args[0] == test_file and call_count == 1:
+                    # First call - simulate Windows file locking
+                    raise PermissionError("The process cannot access the file")
+                else:
+                    # Subsequent calls - use real open
+                    return original_open(*args, **kwargs)
+            
+            # Mock sys.platform to be Windows and time.sleep to verify retry
+            with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.sys.platform', 'win32'):
+                with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.time.sleep') as mock_sleep:
+                    with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.open', side_effect=mock_open_side_effect):
+                        # This should succeed after retry, covering lines 259-261
+                        result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(test_file, "retry_coverage")
+                        
+                        # Verify retry was attempted (sleep was called) - line 260
+                        mock_sleep.assert_called_once_with(0.1)
+                        
+                        # Verify the operation eventually succeeded
+                        assert result is not None
+                        assert result.endswith("_retry_coverage.log.gz")
+                        assert not os.path.exists(test_file)  # Original should be deleted
+                        
+                        # Clean up the gzipped file
+                        if result and os.path.exists(result):
+                            os.unlink(result)
+
+    def test_gzip_file_windows_retry_exhausted_coverage(self):
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix when Windows retries are exhausted for coverage."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Create a test file
+            test_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test_retry_fail.log")
+            with open(test_file, "w") as f:
+                f.write("test content for retry exhaustion")
+            
+            import unittest.mock
+            
+            # Mock to always raise PermissionError to exhaust retries
+            def mock_open_side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+                if args[0] == test_file:
+                    # Always fail - simulate persistent Windows file locking
+                    raise PermissionError("The process cannot access the file - persistent lock")
+                else:
+                    # Other opens work normally
+                    return open(*args, **kwargs)
+            
+            # Mock sys.platform to be Windows and capture stderr
+            with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.sys.platform', 'win32'):
+                with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.time.sleep') as mock_sleep:
+                    with unittest.mock.patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.open', side_effect=mock_open_side_effect):
+                        # Capture stderr to verify error logging
+                        stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
+                        with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
+                            with pytest.raises(PermissionError) as exc_info:
+                                # This should exhaust retries and fail, covering lines 262-264
+                                log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(test_file, "retry_fail")
+                        
+                        # Verify retries were attempted (should be called twice for 3 attempts)
+                        assert mock_sleep.call_count == 2
+                        
+                        # Verify error was logged to stderr (line 263)
+                        output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
+                        assert "Unable to gzip log file" in output
+                        assert test_file in output
+                        assert "persistent lock" in output
+                        
+                        # Verify the exception was re-raised (line 264)
+                        assert "persistent lock" in str(exc_info.value)
diff --git a/tests/core/test_log_utils_windows.py b/tests/core/test_log_utils_windows.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8304451
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/core/test_log_utils_windows.py
@@ -0,0 +1,491 @@
+# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+Windows-specific tests for log_utils module.
+
+These tests are designed to run specifically on Windows OS and test
+Windows-specific behaviors like file locking, permission models, and
+timezone handling differences.
+"""
+import contextlib
+import io
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import time
+import pytest
+
+
+# Add parent directory to path for imports
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+# Add current directory to path for local imports
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+
+from pythonLogs import log_utils
+
+# Import utility functions from the same directory  
+from test_log_utils import (
+    create_windows_safe_temp_file,
+    safe_close_and_delete_file,
+    windows_safe_temp_directory
+)
+
+
+class TestLogUtilsWindows:
+    """Windows-specific tests for log_utils functionality."""
+    
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_check_directory_permissions_windows(self):
+        """Test Windows-specific directory permission behavior."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Create a deeply nested path that should trigger directory creation
+            nested_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "level1", "level2", "level3", "level4")
+            
+            # This should succeed and create the directories (function returns None)
+            log_utils.check_directory_permissions(nested_path)
+            assert os.path.exists(nested_path)
+            
+            # Test with a path that contains invalid characters (Windows-specific)
+            try:
+                invalid_chars_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "invalid<>:|*?\"path")
+                # This might raise different exceptions on different Windows versions
+                with pytest.raises((PermissionError, OSError, ValueError)) as exec_info:
+                    log_utils.check_directory_permissions(invalid_chars_path)
+                # The specific error message may vary
+                assert any(phrase in str(exec_info.value).lower() for phrase in 
+                          ["unable", "invalid", "permission", "access"])
+            except pytest.skip.Exception:
+                pytest.skip("Windows permission test with invalid characters not applicable")
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_get_log_path_windows_permissions(self):
+        """Test Windows-specific permission handling in get_log_path."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            test_file = "test.log"
+            # Test 1: Valid directory should return the correct path
+            result = log_utils.get_log_path(temp_dir, test_file)
+            assert result == os.path.join(temp_dir, test_file)
+
+            # Test 2: Directory that gets created should work fine
+            new_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "newdir")
+            result = log_utils.get_log_path(new_dir, test_file)
+            assert result == os.path.join(new_dir, test_file)
+            assert os.path.exists(new_dir)  # Should have been created
+
+            # Test 3: On Windows, we skip the permission error test since
+            # chmod doesn't work the same way as Unix systems
+            pytest.skip("Directory permission test not applicable on Windows")
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_delete_file_windows_safe(self):
+        """Test delete_file with Windows-safe file handling."""
+        # Import test utilities from the same directory
+        
+        # Create a Windows-safe temporary file
+        file_handle, file_path = create_windows_safe_temp_file(suffix=".log", text=True)
+        
+        try:
+            # Write some content and close the file properly
+            file_handle.write("test content")
+            file_handle.close()
+            
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
+            log_utils.delete_file(file_path)
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == False
+        finally:
+            # Ensure cleanup if the test fails
+            if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                safe_close_and_delete_file(None, file_path)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_is_older_than_x_days_windows_safe(self):
+        """Test is_older_than_x_days with Windows-safe file handling."""
+        # Import test utilities from the same directory
+        
+        # Create a Windows-safe temporary file
+        file_handle, file_path = create_windows_safe_temp_file(suffix=".log", text=True)
+        
+        try:
+            # Write some content and close the file properly
+            file_handle.write("test content")
+            file_handle.close()
+            
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
+
+            # When days=1, it compares against 1 day ago, so newly created file should NOT be older
+            result = log_utils.is_older_than_x_days(file_path, 1)
+            assert result == False
+
+            # When days=5, it compares against 5 days ago, so newly created file should NOT be older
+            result = log_utils.is_older_than_x_days(file_path, 5)
+            assert result == False
+
+            log_utils.delete_file(file_path)
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == False
+        finally:
+            # Ensure cleanup if the test fails
+            if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                safe_close_and_delete_file(None, file_path)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_gzip_file_with_sufix_windows_safe(self):
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix with Windows-safe file handling."""
+        # Create a Windows-safe temporary file
+        file_handle, file_path = create_windows_safe_temp_file(suffix=".log", text=True)
+        
+        try:
+            # Write some test content and close the file properly
+            file_handle.write("test content for gzip")
+            file_handle.close()
+            
+            assert os.path.isfile(file_path) == True
+            sufix = "test1"
+            result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, sufix)
+            file_path_no_suffix = file_path.split(".")[0]
+            assert result == f"{file_path_no_suffix}_{sufix}.log.gz"
+            
+            # Clean up the gzipped file with Windows-safe deletion
+            safe_close_and_delete_file(None, result)
+            assert os.path.isfile(result) == False
+            
+        finally:
+            # Ensure cleanup of the original file if it still exists
+            if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                safe_close_and_delete_file(None, file_path)
+
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_gzip_file_windows_retry_mechanism(self):
+        """Test that gzip_file_with_sufix handles Windows file locking with retry."""
+        from unittest.mock import patch
+        
+        # Create a Windows-safe temporary file
+        file_handle, file_path = create_windows_safe_temp_file(suffix=".log", text=True)
+        
+        try:
+            # Write content and close properly
+            file_handle.write("test content for retry test")
+            file_handle.close()
+            
+            # Test both with and without platform mocking to ensure retry works
+            for mock_platform in [False, True]:
+                # Mock time.sleep to verify retry mechanism
+                with patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.time.sleep') as mock_sleep:
+                    # Mock open to raise PermissionError on first call, succeed on second
+                    call_count = 0
+                    original_open = open
+                    
+                    def mock_open_side_effect(*args, **kwargs):
+                        nonlocal call_count
+                        call_count += 1
+                        if call_count == 1:
+                            # First call - simulate Windows file locking
+                            raise PermissionError("Permission denied")
+                        else:
+                            # Subsequent calls - use real open
+                            return original_open(*args, **kwargs)
+                    
+                    context_manager = (
+                        patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.sys.platform', 'win32') if mock_platform 
+                        else patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.open', side_effect=mock_open_side_effect)
+                    )
+                    
+                    with context_manager:
+                        if mock_platform:
+                            with patch('pythonLogs.log_utils.open', side_effect=mock_open_side_effect):
+                                result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, f"retry_test_{mock_platform}")
+                        else:
+                            result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, f"retry_test_{mock_platform}")
+                        
+                        # Verify retry was attempted (sleep was called)
+                        mock_sleep.assert_called_once_with(0.1)
+                        
+                        # Verify the operation eventually succeeded
+                        assert result is not None
+                        assert f"retry_test_{mock_platform}" in result
+                        
+                        # Clean up the gzipped file
+                        if result and os.path.exists(result):
+                            safe_close_and_delete_file(None, result)
+                        
+                        # Reset for next iteration
+                        call_count = 0
+            
+        finally:
+            # Clean up the original file
+            if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                safe_close_and_delete_file(None, file_path)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_timezone_fallback_windows(self):
+        """Test timezone fallback behavior on Windows systems."""
+        # Test get_format with timezone that may not be available on Windows
+        show_location = False
+        name = "test_windows_tz"
+        timezone = "Australia/Queensland"
+        result = log_utils.get_format(show_location, name, timezone)
+        
+        # On systems without timezone data (common on Windows), this falls back to localtime
+        # Test should verify format structure rather than hardcoded timezone offset
+        expected_base_format = f"[%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d"
+        assert result.startswith(expected_base_format)
+        assert f"]:[%(levelname)s]:[{name}]:%(message)s" in result
+        
+        # Verify timezone offset is present (either specific timezone or fallback)
+        import re
+        # The % characters need to be literal in the regex
+        offset_pattern = r'\[%\(asctime\)s\.%\(msecs\)03d([+-]\d{4})\]'
+        match = re.search(offset_pattern, result)
+        assert match is not None, f"No timezone offset found in format: {result}"
+        # The offset could be the specific timezone or system localtime fallback
+        offset = match.group(1)
+        assert re.match(r'[+-]\d{4}', offset), f"Invalid timezone offset format: {offset}"
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_windows_timezone_environment_fallback(self):
+        """Test Windows-specific timezone environment variable fallback."""
+        original_tz = os.environ.get("LOG_TIMEZONE")
+        
+        try:
+            # Set an invalid timezone that doesn't exist on Windows
+            os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = "Invalid/Windows/Timezone"
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+            
+            # This should trigger the exception and fallback to None (local timezone)
+            result = log_utils.get_stderr_timezone()
+            assert result is None  # Should fall back to None (local timezone)
+            
+            # Test that write_stderr still works with fallback
+            stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
+            with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
+                log_utils.write_stderr("Windows timezone fallback test")
+            
+            output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
+            assert "Windows timezone fallback test" in output
+            assert "ERROR" in output
+        finally:
+            if original_tz is not None:
+                os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = original_tz
+            elif "LOG_TIMEZONE" in os.environ:
+                del os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"]
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests") 
+    def test_windows_file_locking_resilience(self):
+        """Test that Windows file locking resilience works in production scenarios."""
+        # Use Windows-safe temporary directory
+        with windows_safe_temp_directory() as temp_dir:
+            test_file = os.path.join(temp_dir, "windows_resilience_test.log")
+            
+            # Create file with content
+            with open(test_file, "w") as f:
+                f.write("Windows file locking resilience test content\n" * 100)
+            
+            # Ensure file is properly closed before gzip operation
+            assert os.path.isfile(test_file)
+            
+            # This should work without issues on Windows
+            result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(test_file, "windows_test")
+            
+            assert result is not None
+            assert result.endswith("_windows_test.log.gz")
+            assert os.path.exists(result)
+            assert not os.path.exists(test_file)  # Original should be deleted
+            
+            # Verify compressed content
+            import gzip
+            with gzip.open(result, "rt") as f:
+                content = f.read()
+            assert "Windows file locking resilience test content" in content
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_windows_path_handling(self):
+        """Test Windows-specific path handling behaviors."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            # Test with Windows-style path separators
+            windows_style_dir = temp_dir.replace("/", "\\")
+            test_file = "windows_path_test.log"
+            
+            result = log_utils.get_log_path(windows_style_dir, test_file)
+            expected = os.path.join(windows_style_dir, test_file)
+            assert result == expected
+            
+            # Test with mixed separators (Windows handles this)
+            mixed_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "mixed\\path/test")
+            result = log_utils.get_log_path(mixed_dir, test_file)
+            assert os.path.exists(mixed_dir)  # Should be created successfully
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_windows_stderr_timezone_with_dst(self):
+        """Test Windows timezone handling with DST considerations."""
+        original_tz = os.environ.get("LOG_TIMEZONE")
+        
+        try:
+            # Test with a timezone that has DST changes
+            os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = "America/New_York"
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+            
+            stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
+            with contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
+                log_utils.write_stderr("Windows DST timezone test")
+            
+            output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
+            assert "Windows DST timezone test" in output
+            assert "ERROR" in output
+            
+            # Should contain some form of timezone offset
+            # Windows may fall back to local timezone if specific timezone unavailable
+            assert any(char in output for char in ['+', '-']) or 'Z' in output
+            
+        finally:
+            if original_tz is not None:
+                os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"] = original_tz
+            elif "LOG_TIMEZONE" in os.environ:
+                del os.environ["LOG_TIMEZONE"]
+            log_utils.get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_windows_concurrent_file_operations(self):
+        """Test concurrent file operations on Windows with proper cleanup."""
+        import concurrent.futures
+        import threading
+        
+        results = []
+        errors = []
+        lock = threading.Lock()
+        
+        def windows_file_worker(worker_id):
+            """Worker that performs Windows-safe file operations."""
+            try:
+                # Create Windows-safe temporary file
+                file_handle, file_path = create_windows_safe_temp_file(
+                    suffix=f"_worker_{worker_id}.log", text=True
+                )
+                
+                try:
+                    # Write content and close properly
+                    file_handle.write(f"Content from worker {worker_id}\n" * 10)
+                    file_handle.close()
+                    
+                    # Test file age check
+                    is_old = log_utils.is_older_than_x_days(file_path, 1)
+                    
+                    # Test gzip operation
+                    gzip_result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, f"worker_{worker_id}")
+                    
+                    with lock:
+                        results.append({
+                            'worker_id': worker_id,
+                            'file_path': file_path,
+                            'is_old': is_old,
+                            'gzip_result': gzip_result
+                        })
+                    
+                    # Clean up gzipped file
+                    if gzip_result and os.path.exists(gzip_result):
+                        safe_close_and_delete_file(None, gzip_result)
+                        
+                finally:
+                    # Ensure cleanup of original file if it still exists
+                    if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                        safe_close_and_delete_file(None, file_path)
+                        
+            except Exception as e:
+                with lock:
+                    errors.append(f"Worker {worker_id}: {str(e)}")
+        
+        # Run concurrent workers
+        num_workers = 5
+        with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=num_workers) as executor:
+            futures = [executor.submit(windows_file_worker, i) for i in range(num_workers)]
+            for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures):
+                future.result()
+        
+        # Verify results
+        assert len(errors) == 0, f"Windows concurrent operations failed: {errors}"
+        assert len(results) == num_workers
+        
+        # Verify all workers completed successfully
+        for result in results:
+            assert result['is_old'] == False  # Files should NOT be considered "old" (created recently)
+            assert result['gzip_result'] is not None
+            assert f"worker_{result['worker_id']}" in result['gzip_result']
+
+
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_gzip_file_windows_permission_error(self):
+        """Test gzip_file_with_sufix Windows-specific permission handling."""
+        # This test replaces the Unix chmod-based test for Windows
+        # Windows file locking is handled differently than Unix permissions
+        
+        
+        # Create a Windows-safe temporary file
+        file_handle, file_path = create_windows_safe_temp_file(suffix=".log", text=True)
+        
+        try:
+            # Write content and close properly
+            file_handle.write("test content for Windows permission test")
+            file_handle.close()
+            
+            # On Windows, we test the file locking retry mechanism instead of chmod
+            # This is more realistic for Windows environments
+            result = log_utils.gzip_file_with_sufix(file_path, "windows_perm_test")
+            
+            # Should succeed on Windows with proper file handling
+            assert result is not None
+            assert result.endswith("_windows_perm_test.log.gz")
+            assert not os.path.exists(file_path)  # Original should be deleted
+            
+            # Clean up the gzipped file
+            if result and os.path.exists(result):
+                safe_close_and_delete_file(None, result)
+                
+        finally:
+            # Ensure cleanup of original file if it still exists
+            if os.path.exists(file_path):
+                safe_close_and_delete_file(None, file_path)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != "win32", reason="Windows-specific tests")
+    def test_get_log_path_windows_comprehensive(self):
+        """Comprehensive test for get_log_path Windows-specific behaviors."""
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            test_file = "test.log"
+            
+            # Test 1: Valid directory should return the correct path
+            result = log_utils.get_log_path(temp_dir, test_file)
+            assert result == os.path.join(temp_dir, test_file)
+
+            # Test 2: Directory that gets created should work fine
+            new_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "newdir")
+            result = log_utils.get_log_path(new_dir, test_file)
+            assert result == os.path.join(new_dir, test_file)
+            assert os.path.exists(new_dir)  # Should have been created
+            
+            # Test 3: Test with invalid path characters (Windows-specific)
+            try:
+                invalid_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "invalid<>path")
+                result = log_utils.get_log_path(invalid_path, "test.log")
+                assert "test.log" in result
+            except (PermissionError, OSError, ValueError):
+                # Expected on Windows with invalid characters
+                pass
+            
+            # Test 4: Test normal operation in created directory
+            test_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "test_write_perm")
+            os.makedirs(test_dir)
+            result = log_utils.get_log_path(test_dir, "test.log")
+            assert result == os.path.join(test_dir, "test.log")
+            
+            # Test 5: Windows-specific long path names (Windows limitation)
+            long_filename = "a" * 200 + ".log"  # Very long filename
+            try:
+                result = log_utils.get_log_path(test_dir, long_filename)
+                assert long_filename in result
+            except (OSError, PermissionError):
+                # Expected on some Windows systems with path length limitations
+                pass
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__])
diff --git a/tests/factory/test_enums.py b/tests/factory/test_enums.py
index a3e0215..70bd8c0 100644
--- a/tests/factory/test_enums.py
+++ b/tests/factory/test_enums.py
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ def test_log_level_enum_usage(self):
     
     def test_rotate_when_enum_usage(self):
         """Test RotateWhen enum usage."""
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+        temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        try:
             logger = timed_rotating_logger(
                 name="rotate_test",
                 directory=temp_dir,
@@ -48,6 +49,17 @@ def test_rotate_when_enum_usage(self):
                 when=RotateWhen.MIDNIGHT  # RotateWhen enum
             )
             assert logger.name == "rotate_test"
+            
+        finally:
+            # Ensure proper cleanup on Windows before directory removal
+            clear_logger_registry()
+            # Small delay on Windows to ensure file handles are released
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                import time
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+            # Manual cleanup
+            import shutil
+            shutil.rmtree(temp_dir, ignore_errors=True)
     
     def test_mixed_enum_and_string_usage(self):
         """Test mixed enum and string usage."""
@@ -98,7 +110,8 @@ def test_all_rotate_when_enum_values(self):
     
     def test_enum_string_conversion(self):
         """Test that enums are properly converted to strings internally."""
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+        temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        try:
             # Create logger with enums
             logger = LoggerFactory.create_logger(
                 LoggerType.TIMED_ROTATING,
@@ -111,10 +124,22 @@ def test_enum_string_conversion(self):
             # Verify logger was created successfully
             assert logger.name == "conversion_test"
             assert logger.level == 40  # ERROR level
+            
+        finally:
+            # Ensure proper cleanup on Windows before directory removal
+            clear_logger_registry()
+            # Small delay on Windows to ensure file handles are released
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                import time
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+            # Manual cleanup
+            import shutil
+            shutil.rmtree(temp_dir, ignore_errors=True)
     
     def test_backward_compatibility_with_strings(self):
         """Test that string values still work alongside enums."""
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+        temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        try:
             # Mix of enums and strings
             logger = timed_rotating_logger(
                 name="compat_test",
@@ -125,6 +150,17 @@ def test_backward_compatibility_with_strings(self):
             
             assert logger.name == "compat_test"
             assert logger.level == 20  # INFO level
+            
+        finally:
+            # Ensure proper cleanup on Windows before directory removal
+            clear_logger_registry()
+            # Small delay on Windows to ensure file handles are released
+            if sys.platform == "win32":
+                import time
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+            # Manual cleanup
+            import shutil
+            shutil.rmtree(temp_dir, ignore_errors=True)
     
     def test_logger_type_enum_values(self):
         """Test LoggerType enum values."""
diff --git a/tests/factory/test_factory.py b/tests/factory/test_factory.py
index 6a4e1e5..2eb3896 100644
--- a/tests/factory/test_factory.py
+++ b/tests/factory/test_factory.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 # Add parent directory to path for imports
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 
-
 from pythonLogs import (
     LoggerFactory,
     LoggerType,
@@ -335,8 +334,8 @@ def test_factory_ensure_initialized_behavior(self):
 
     def test_factory_atexit_cleanup_error_handling(self):
         """Test atexit cleanup error handling."""
-        from unittest.mock import patch, Mock
-        
+        from unittest.mock import patch
+
         # Mock the clear_registry method to raise an error
         with patch.object(LoggerFactory, 'clear_registry', side_effect=Exception("Test error")):
             # Should not raise an exception
diff --git a/tests/factory/test_factory_examples.py b/tests/factory/test_factory_examples.py
index 8774d3e..df607e5 100644
--- a/tests/factory/test_factory_examples.py
+++ b/tests/factory/test_factory_examples.py
@@ -192,11 +192,20 @@ def test_error_handling_scenarios(self):
             create_logger("nonexistent_type", name="error_test")
         
         # Invalid directory (should raise PermissionError when trying to create)
-        with pytest.raises(PermissionError):
-            size_rotating_logger(
-                name="permission_test",
-                directory="/invalid/directory/path"
-            )
+        # This test only works on Unix/Linux/macOS systems with chmod
+        if sys.platform != "win32":
+            with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+                readonly_parent = os.path.join(temp_dir, "readonly")
+                os.makedirs(readonly_parent, mode=0o555)  # Read-only parent
+                try:
+                    invalid_dir = os.path.join(readonly_parent, "invalid")
+                    with pytest.raises(PermissionError):
+                        size_rotating_logger(
+                            name="permission_test",
+                            directory=invalid_dir
+                        )
+                finally:
+                    os.chmod(readonly_parent, 0o755)  # Restore permissions for cleanup
     
     def test_logger_customization_example(self):
         """Test logger with extensive customization."""
diff --git a/tests/factory/test_string_levels.py b/tests/factory/test_string_levels.py
index 1c957b4..6e12ae4 100644
--- a/tests/factory/test_string_levels.py
+++ b/tests/factory/test_string_levels.py
@@ -25,17 +25,35 @@ class TestStringLevels:
     @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
     def setup_temp_dir(self):
         """Set up test fixtures before each test method."""
+
+        # Import test utilities
+        from tests.core.test_log_utils import cleanup_all_loggers, safe_delete_directory
+        
         # Clear any existing loggers
+        cleanup_all_loggers()
         clear_logger_registry()
         
-        # Create temporary directory for log files using context manager
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
-            self.temp_dir = temp_dir
-            self.log_file = "string_test.log"
-            yield
+        # Create temporary directory for log files
+        self.temp_dir_obj = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.temp_dir = self.temp_dir_obj.__enter__()
+        self.log_file = "string_test.log"
         
-        # Clear registry after each test
-        clear_logger_registry()
+        yield
+        
+        try:
+            # Clean up all loggers and their handlers before directory deletion
+            cleanup_all_loggers()
+            clear_logger_registry()
+            
+            # Ensure temporary directory is properly cleaned up
+            self.temp_dir_obj.__exit__(None, None, None)
+        except (OSError, PermissionError):
+            # On Windows, if normal cleanup fails, use safe deletion
+            try:
+                safe_delete_directory(self.temp_dir)
+            except:
+                # If all else fails, just log the issue
+                print(f"Warning: Could not clean up temporary directory {self.temp_dir}")
     
     def test_basic_logger_string_levels(self):
         """Test BasicLog with string levels."""
diff --git a/tests/performance/test_memory_optimization.py b/tests/performance/test_memory_optimization.py
index 425a5c6..6872b1f 100644
--- a/tests/performance/test_memory_optimization.py
+++ b/tests/performance/test_memory_optimization.py
@@ -428,9 +428,9 @@ def test_cleanup_logger_handlers_standalone(self):
             cleanup_logger_handlers(logger)
             assert len(logger.handlers) == 0
         finally:
-            # Clean up temporary file
-            if os.path.exists(temp_filename):
-                os.unlink(temp_filename)
+            # Clean up temporary file with Windows-compatible deletion
+            from tests.core.test_log_utils import safe_close_and_delete_file
+            safe_close_and_delete_file(handler2, temp_filename)
 
     def test_cleanup_logger_handlers_error_handling(self):
         """Test cleanup_logger_handlers with handler errors."""
@@ -586,8 +586,7 @@ def test_formatter_cache_thread_safety(self):
         """Test thread safety of formatter cache operations."""
         from pythonLogs.memory_utils import get_cached_formatter, clear_formatter_cache
         import concurrent.futures
-        import threading
-        
+
         clear_formatter_cache()
         errors = []
         created_formatters = []
@@ -619,8 +618,7 @@ def formatter_worker(worker_id):
     def test_weak_reference_cleanup_mechanism(self):
         """Test weak reference cleanup mechanism without relying on GC timing."""
         from pythonLogs.memory_utils import get_active_logger_count, _active_loggers, _weak_ref_lock
-        import weakref
-        
+
         # Test the cleanup detection logic in get_active_logger_count
         with _weak_ref_lock:
             initial_size = len(_active_loggers)
diff --git a/tests/performance/test_performance.py b/tests/performance/test_performance.py
index c78b12d..05c9dcf 100644
--- a/tests/performance/test_performance.py
+++ b/tests/performance/test_performance.py
@@ -8,7 +8,11 @@
 
 
 # Add parent directory to path for imports
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+sys.path.insert(0, project_root)  # For pythonLogs
+
+# Import test utilities
+from tests.core.test_log_utils import get_safe_timezone
 
 from pythonLogs import (
     LoggerFactory,
@@ -105,11 +109,12 @@ def test_timezone_function_caching(self):
         # Create multiple loggers with same timezone
         start_time = time.time()
         
+        safe_tz = get_safe_timezone()
         loggers = []
         for i in range(20):
             logger = basic_logger(
                 name=f"tz_test_{i}",
-                timezone="UTC"  # Same timezone should use cached function
+                timezone=safe_tz  # Same timezone should use cached function
             )
             loggers.append(logger)
         
diff --git a/tests/performance/test_performance_zoneinfo.py b/tests/performance/test_performance_zoneinfo.py
index 3d00b0f..8b303d7 100644
--- a/tests/performance/test_performance_zoneinfo.py
+++ b/tests/performance/test_performance_zoneinfo.py
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ def setup_method(self):
         clear_logger_registry()
         
         # Clear timezone caches
-        from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_function, _get_timezone_offset, _get_stderr_timezone
+        from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_function, get_timezone_offset, get_stderr_timezone
         get_timezone_function.cache_clear()
-        _get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
-        _get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+        get_timezone_offset.cache_clear()
+        get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
     
     def test_timezone_function_caching_performance(self):
         """Test that timezone function caching improves performance."""
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ def test_timezone_function_caching_performance(self):
     
     def test_timezone_offset_caching_performance(self):
         """Test timezone offset calculation caching performance."""
-        from pythonLogs.log_utils import _get_timezone_offset
+        from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_offset
         
         # Test with multiple calls to the same timezone
         start_time = time.time()
         for _ in range(100):
-            _get_timezone_offset("UTC")  # Should be cached after first call
+            get_timezone_offset("UTC")  # Should be cached after first call
         cached_time = time.time() - start_time
         
         # Should complete very quickly due to caching
diff --git a/tests/timezone/test_timezone_migration.py b/tests/timezone/test_timezone_migration.py
index bae2710..fe372cd 100644
--- a/tests/timezone/test_timezone_migration.py
+++ b/tests/timezone/test_timezone_migration.py
@@ -3,11 +3,14 @@
 import os
 import sys
 import tempfile
-import pytest
 
 
 # Add parent directory to path for imports
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+sys.path.insert(0, project_root)  # For pythonLogs
+
+# Import test utilities
+from tests.core.test_log_utils import requires_zoneinfo_utc
 
 from pythonLogs import (
     basic_logger,
@@ -21,9 +24,9 @@
 )
 from pythonLogs.log_utils import (
     get_timezone_function,
-    _get_timezone_offset,
+    get_timezone_offset,
     write_stderr,
-    _get_stderr_timezone,
+    get_stderr_timezone,
 )
 
 
@@ -34,6 +37,7 @@ def setup_method(self):
         """Clear registry before each test."""
         clear_logger_registry()
     
+    @requires_zoneinfo_utc
     def test_zoneinfo_import_success(self):
         """Test that ZoneInfo is properly imported."""
         from pythonLogs.log_utils import ZoneInfo
@@ -42,6 +46,7 @@ def test_zoneinfo_import_success(self):
         utc_tz = ZoneInfo("UTC")
         assert utc_tz is not None
     
+    @requires_zoneinfo_utc
     def test_utc_timezone_basic_logger(self):
         """Test UTC timezone with basic logger."""
         logger = basic_logger(
@@ -119,21 +124,27 @@ def test_timezone_factory_pattern(self):
     
     def test_invalid_timezone_handling(self):
         """Test handling of invalid timezone names."""
-        # Should handle invalid timezone gracefully
-        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # ZoneInfoNotFoundError or similar
-            basic_logger(
-                name="invalid_tz_test",
-                timezone="Invalid/Timezone"
-            )
+        # With the new fallback system, invalid timezones should fall back to localtime
+        # instead of raising exceptions, making the system more robust
+        logger = basic_logger(
+            name="invalid_tz_test",
+            timezone="Invalid/Timezone"  # This should now fall back to localtime
+        )
+        # Logger should be created successfully with fallback
+        assert logger.name == "invalid_tz_test"
+        logger.info("Test message with invalid timezone")
     
     def test_timezone_offset_calculation(self):
         """Test timezone offset calculation function."""
-        # Test UTC
-        utc_offset = _get_timezone_offset("UTC")
-        assert utc_offset == "+0000"
+        # Test UTC (may fall back to localtime on systems without UTC data)
+        utc_offset = get_timezone_offset("UTC")
+        # UTC should return +0000, but may fall back to localtime on Windows
+        assert isinstance(utc_offset, str)
+        assert len(utc_offset) == 5
+        assert utc_offset[0] in ['+', '-']
         
         # Test localtime
-        local_offset = _get_timezone_offset("localtime")
+        local_offset = get_timezone_offset("localtime")
         assert len(local_offset) == 5  # Format: ±HHMM
         assert local_offset[0] in ['+', '-']
     
@@ -150,10 +161,10 @@ def test_timezone_function_caching(self):
     
     def test_timezone_function_types(self):
         """Test different timezone function types."""
-        # UTC should return gmtime
+        # UTC may fall back to localtime on systems without UTC timezone data
         utc_func = get_timezone_function("UTC")
         import time
-        assert utc_func is time.gmtime
+        assert utc_func in [time.gmtime, time.localtime]
         
         # Localtime should return localtime
         local_func = get_timezone_function("localtime")
@@ -186,10 +197,10 @@ def test_stderr_timezone_functionality(self):
     def test_stderr_timezone_caching(self):
         """Test that stderr timezone is cached."""
         # First call
-        tz1 = _get_stderr_timezone()
+        tz1 = get_stderr_timezone()
         
         # Second call should return cached result
-        tz2 = _get_stderr_timezone()
+        tz2 = get_stderr_timezone()
         
         # Should be the same object (cached)
         assert tz1 is tz2
diff --git a/tests/timezone/test_zoneinfo_fallbacks.py b/tests/timezone/test_zoneinfo_fallbacks.py
index 3aa726d..2d9d206 100644
--- a/tests/timezone/test_zoneinfo_fallbacks.py
+++ b/tests/timezone/test_zoneinfo_fallbacks.py
@@ -8,7 +8,11 @@
 
 
 # Add parent directory to path for imports
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+project_root = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+sys.path.insert(0, project_root)  # For pythonLogs
+
+# Import test utilities
+from tests.core.test_log_utils import skip_if_no_zoneinfo_utc, get_safe_timezone, requires_zoneinfo_utc
 
 
 class TestZoneinfoFallbacks:
@@ -27,30 +31,36 @@ def test_timezone_error_handling(self):
         """Test proper error handling for timezone operations."""
         from pythonLogs import basic_logger, LogLevel
         
-        # Test with invalid timezone
-        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # Should raise ZoneInfoNotFoundError or similar
-            basic_logger(
-                name="error_test",
-                timezone="NonExistent/Timezone",
-                level=LogLevel.INFO
-            )
+        # With the new fallback system, invalid timezones should gracefully fall back
+        # to localtime instead of raising exceptions for better robustness
+        logger = basic_logger(
+            name="error_test",
+            timezone="NonExistent/Timezone",  # Should fall back to localtime
+            level=LogLevel.INFO
+        )
+        # Logger should be created successfully with fallback
+        assert logger.name == "error_test"
+        logger.info("Test message with fallback timezone")
     
     def test_timezone_offset_edge_cases(self):
         """Test timezone offset calculation for edge cases."""
-        from pythonLogs.log_utils import _get_timezone_offset
+        from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_offset
         
-        # Test UTC (should always work)
-        utc_offset = _get_timezone_offset("UTC")
-        assert utc_offset == "+0000"
+        # Test UTC (may fall back to localtime on systems without UTC data)
+        utc_offset = get_timezone_offset("UTC")
+        # UTC should return +0000, but may fall back to localtime on Windows
+        assert isinstance(utc_offset, str)
+        assert len(utc_offset) == 5
+        assert utc_offset[0] in ['+', '-']
         
         # Test localtime (should work on any system)
-        local_offset = _get_timezone_offset("localtime")
+        local_offset = get_timezone_offset("localtime")
         assert isinstance(local_offset, str)
         assert len(local_offset) == 5
         assert local_offset[0] in ['+', '-']
         
         # Test case insensitivity for localtime
-        local_offset_upper = _get_timezone_offset("LOCALTIME")
+        local_offset_upper = get_timezone_offset("LOCALTIME")
         assert local_offset_upper == local_offset
     
     def test_stderr_timezone_fallback(self):
@@ -74,16 +84,16 @@ def test_timezone_function_fallback(self):
         from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_function
         import time
         
-        # Test standard cases
+        # Test standard cases - UTC may fall back to localtime on systems without UTC data
         utc_func = get_timezone_function("UTC")
-        assert utc_func is time.gmtime
+        assert utc_func in [time.gmtime, time.localtime]
         
         local_func = get_timezone_function("localtime")
         assert local_func is time.localtime
         
-        # Test case insensitivity
+        # Test case insensitivity - UTC may fall back to localtime
         utc_func_upper = get_timezone_function("utc")
-        assert utc_func_upper is time.gmtime
+        assert utc_func_upper in [time.gmtime, time.localtime]
         
         local_func_upper = get_timezone_function("LOCALTIME")
         assert local_func_upper is time.localtime
@@ -92,10 +102,11 @@ def test_logger_creation_with_fallback_timezone(self):
         """Test logger creation when timezone operations might fail."""
         from pythonLogs import basic_logger, LogLevel
         
-        # These should all work with proper fallback
+        # Use safe timezone that works on all platforms
+        safe_tz = get_safe_timezone()
         logger = basic_logger(
             name="fallback_test",
-            timezone="UTC",
+            timezone=safe_tz,
             level=LogLevel.INFO
         )
         
@@ -133,7 +144,7 @@ def test_complex_timezone_scenarios(self):
     
     def test_zoneinfo_caching_behavior(self):
         """Test that zoneinfo objects are properly cached."""
-        from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_function, _get_timezone_offset
+        from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_function, get_timezone_offset
         
         # Test function caching
         func1 = get_timezone_function("America/Chicago")
@@ -141,8 +152,8 @@ def test_zoneinfo_caching_behavior(self):
         assert func1 is func2  # Should be cached
         
         # Test offset caching  
-        offset1 = _get_timezone_offset("America/Chicago")
-        offset2 = _get_timezone_offset("America/Chicago")
+        offset1 = get_timezone_offset("America/Chicago")
+        offset2 = get_timezone_offset("America/Chicago")
         assert offset1 == offset2  # Should be cached
     
     def test_environment_variable_timezone_handling(self):
@@ -151,12 +162,12 @@ def test_environment_variable_timezone_handling(self):
         # Test with environment variable
         with patch.dict(os.environ, {'LOG_TIMEZONE': 'Europe/Paris'}):
             # Environment variable should be used for stderr
-            from pythonLogs.log_utils import _get_stderr_timezone
+            from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_stderr_timezone
             
             # Clear cache to test new environment
-            _get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
+            get_stderr_timezone.cache_clear()
             
-            tz = _get_stderr_timezone()
+            tz = get_stderr_timezone()
             assert tz is not None
     
     def test_concurrent_timezone_access(self):
@@ -164,6 +175,8 @@ def test_concurrent_timezone_access(self):
         import threading
         from pythonLogs import basic_logger, LogLevel
         
+        # Use safe timezone that works on all platforms
+        safe_tz = get_safe_timezone()
         results = []
         errors = []
         
@@ -171,7 +184,7 @@ def create_logger_worker(worker_id):
             try:
                 logger = basic_logger(
                     name=f"concurrent_test_{worker_id}",
-                    timezone="UTC",
+                    timezone=safe_tz,
                     level=LogLevel.INFO
                 )
                 logger.info(f"Concurrent test message {worker_id}")
@@ -194,6 +207,7 @@ def create_logger_worker(worker_id):
         assert len(errors) == 0, f"Errors occurred: {errors}"
         assert len(results) == 10
     
+    @requires_zoneinfo_utc
     def test_memory_usage_with_timezone_caching(self):
         """Test that timezone caching doesn't cause memory leaks."""
         from pythonLogs import basic_logger, clear_logger_registry
@@ -211,9 +225,10 @@ def test_memory_usage_with_timezone_caching(self):
         
         # Should complete without memory issues - test passes if no exception is raised
     
+    @requires_zoneinfo_utc
     def test_timezone_validation_edge_cases(self):
         """Test timezone validation for various edge cases."""
-        from pythonLogs.log_utils import _get_timezone_offset
+        from pythonLogs.log_utils import get_timezone_offset
         
         # Test case variations (timezone names are case-sensitive except for localtime)
         test_cases = [
@@ -223,7 +238,7 @@ def test_timezone_validation_edge_cases(self):
         ]
         
         for tz_input, expected in test_cases:
-            result = _get_timezone_offset(tz_input)
+            result = get_timezone_offset(tz_input)
             if expected is not None:
                 assert result == expected
             else:
@@ -232,6 +247,9 @@ def test_timezone_validation_edge_cases(self):
                 assert len(result) == 5
                 assert result[0] in ['+', '-']
         
-        # Test that invalid timezone names raise appropriate errors
-        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # Should raise ZoneInfoNotFoundError
-            _get_timezone_offset("invalid_timezone")
+        # Test that invalid timezone names now fall back gracefully to localtime
+        result = get_timezone_offset("invalid_timezone")
+        # Should fall back to localtime format
+        assert isinstance(result, str)
+        assert len(result) == 5
+        assert result[0] in ['+', '-']